One-trial learning: review of experimental models

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

One-trial learning represents a critical evolutionary mechanism that enables animals and humans to rapidly encode and retain essential experiences, allowing adaptive responses to environmental changes. This article reviews various paradigms of one-trial learning, such as passive avoidance, taste aversion, and contextual fear conditioning, along with models involving associative memory for object location and social transmission of food preferences. These paradigms span a wide variety of species, offering flexibility in terms of ecological validity, sensory modalities, and types of reinforcement. The ability of one-trial learning paradigms to induce memory formation in a single trial provides a powerful advantage for experimental control, minimizing confounding variables and allowing precise separation of memory phases. This makes one-trial learning paradigms especially useful for studying early stages of memory formation, synaptic plasticity, and long-term memory mechanisms. Furthermore, one-trial learning models are advancing the development of innovative treatments for memory-related disorders, including amnesia and post-traumatic stress disorders. Additionally, findings from one-trial learning models could aid in developing artificial intelligence systems that replicate biological memory processes more accurately.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

T. A. Zamorina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: tatazamorina@gmail.com

Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow

K. A. Toropova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: tatazamorina@gmail.com

Institute for Advanced Brain Studies

Russian Federation, Moscow

O. I. Ivashkina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: tatazamorina@gmail.com

Institute for Advanced Brain Studies

Russian Federation, Moscow

K. V. Anokhin

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: tatazamorina@gmail.com

Institute for Advanced Brain Studies

Russian Federation, Moscow

References

  1. Балабан П.М. Эпигенетическая регуляция формирования и хранения памяти. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2020. 56 (7): 812–813.
  2. Бериташвилли И.С. Память позвоночных животных, её характеристика и происхождение. Москва: Наука. 1974 (2): 212.
  3. Кедров А.В., Анохин К.В. Однократное обучение условно-рефлекторному замиранию на запах у мышей: новая поведенческая модель для исследования клеточных механизмов формирования и извлечения обонятельной памяти. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2019. 69 (4): 522–526.
  4. Миронова В.И., Притворова А.В., Акулова В.К., Михайленко В.А., Отеллин В.А., Хожай Л.И., Ордян Н.Э. Салифен предотвращает вызванные перинатальной гипоксией нарушения способности к обучению и изменения экспрессии гамкв-рецепторов в неокортексе крыс. Журн. высш. нерв. деят.им. И.П.Павлова. 2023. 73 (4): 537–549.5.
  5. Павлов И.П. Условный рефлекс под ред. Конаревская А.А. Москва: Издательство Академии медицинских наук СССР. 1952. 80.
  6. Павлова И.В., Брощевицкая Н.Д. Влияние содержания крыс в условиях повышенной скученности на тревожность и условно-рефлекторный страх. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П.Павлова. 2024. 74(3):. 353–368.
  7. Подвигина Д.Н., Иванова Л.Е., Хараузов А.К. Особенности удержания в рабочей памяти цветных и монохромных изображений у обезьян macaca mulatta. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2023. 73(5): 680–687.
  8. Торопова К.А., Анохин К.В. Моделирование посттравматического стрессового расстройства у мышей: нелинейная зависимость от силы травматического воздействия. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2018. 68 (3): 378–394.
  9. Торопова К.А., Ивашкина О.И., Анохин К.В. Посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство: теоретические подходы и пути моделирования на животных. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2021. 71(6): 735–759.
  10. Торопова К.А., Ивашкина О.И., Воробьева Н.С., Анохин К.В. Сравнительный анализ активности возбуждающих и тормозных нейронов гиппокампа при извлечении ассоциативной обстановочной памяти. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2024. 74(2):167–178.
  11. Торопова К.А., Трошев Д.В., Ивашкина О.И., Анохин К.В. Активация экспрессии c-Fos в ретросплениальной коре, но не гиппокампе, сопровождает формирование ассоциации между обстановкой и безусловным стимулом и ее последующее извлечение у мышей. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2018. 68(6):759–774.
  12. Чижова Н.Д., Смирнова К.В., Дубровина Н.И., Липина Т.В., Амстиславская Т.Г. Половые и линейные различия у мышей disc1-l100p и c57bl/6 в угашении условной реакции пассивного избегания. Журн. высш. нерв. деят. им. И.П. Павлова. 2024. 73(3)425–432.
  13. Abt J.P., Essman W.B., Jarvik M.E. Ether-induced retrograde amnesia for one-trial conditioning in mice. Science. 1961. V. 133. № 3463. P. 1477–1478.
  14. Adams B., Chan A., Callahan H., Milgram N.W. The canine as a model of human cognitive aging: recent developments. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol. Psychiatry. 2000. V. 24. № 5. P. 675–692.
  15. Agarwal P., Palin N., Walker S.L., Glasper E.R. Sex-dependent effects of paternal deprivation and chronic variable stress on novel object recognition in adult California mice (Peromyscus californicus). Horm. Behav. 2020. V. 117. P. 104610.
  16. Aggleton J.P. One-trial object recognition by rats. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 1985. V. 37. № 4. P. 279–294.
  17. Ahmed O., Seguin D., Gerlai R. An automated predator avoidance task in zebrafish. Behav. Brain Res. 2011. V. 216. № 1. P. 166–171.
  18. Akar F., Mutlu O., Celikyurt I.K., Bektas E., Tanyeri M.H., Ulak G., Tanyeri P., Erden F. Effects of zaprinast and rolipram on olfactory and visual memory in the social transmission of food preference and novel object recognition tests in mice. Drug Target Insights. 2014. V. 8. P. 23–29.
  19. Allen T., Clarke J.A. Social learning of food preferences by white-tailed ptarmigan chicks. Anim. Behav. 2005. V. 70. № 2. P. 305–310.
  20. Allritz M., Call J., Schweller K., McEwen E.S., Guinea M. de, Janmaat K.R. L., Menzel C.R., Dolins F.L. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) navigate to find hidden fruit in a virtual environment. Sci. Adv. 2022. V. 8. № 25. P. eabm4754.
  21. Alsiö J., Lehmann O., McKenzie C., Theobald D.E., Searle L., Xia J., Dalley J.W., Robbins T.W. Serotonergic innervations of the orbitofrontal and medial-prefrontal cortices are differentially involved in visual discrimination and reversal learning in rats. Cereb. Cortex. 2021. V. 31. № 2. P. 1090–1105.
  22. Alvarez R.P., Biggs A., Chen G., Pine D.S., Grillon C. Contextual fear conditioning in humans: cortical-hippocampal and amygdala contributions. J. Neurosci. 2008. V. 28. № 24. P. 6211–6219.
  23. André M.A. E., Manahan‐Vaughan D. Spatial olfactory learning facilitates long‐term depression in the hippocampus. Hippocampus. 2013. V. 23. № 10. P. 963–968.
  24. Antoniadis E.A., Winslow J.T., Davis M., Amaral D.G. Role of the primate amygdala in fear-potentiated startle: effects of chronic lesions in the rhesus monkey. J. Neurosci. 2007. V. 27. № 28. P. 7386–7396.
  25. Aquino J., Moreira M.A., Evangelista N.C. L., Maior R.S., Barros M. Spontaneous object recognition in capuchin monkeys: assessing the effects of sex, familiarization phase and retention delay. Anim. Cogn. 2023. V. 26. № 2. P. 551–561.
  26. Armony J.L., Dolan R.J. Modulation of auditory neural responses by a visual context in human fear conditioning. Neuroreport. 2001. V. 12. № 15. P. 3407–3411.
  27. Armstrong C.M., DeVito L.M., Cleland T.A. One-trial associative odor learning in neonatal mice. Chem. Senses. 2006. V. 31. № 4. P. 343–349.
  28. Ásgeirsdóttir H.N., Cohen S.J., Stackman R.W. Object and place information processing by CA1 hippocampal neurons of C57BL/6J mice. J. Neurophysiol. 2020. V. 123. № 3. P. 1247–1264.
  29. Ashton R.L., Lillo C. De. Association, inhibition, and object permanence in dogs’(Canis familiaris) spatial search. J. Comp. Psychol. 2011. V. 125. № 2. P. 194.
  30. Baeuchl C., Meyer P., Hoppstädter M., Diener C., Flor H. Contextual fear conditioning in humans using feature-identical contexts. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2015. V. 121. P. 1–11.
  31. Bai L., Sivakumar N., Yu.S., Mesgarzadeh S., Ding T., Ly T., Corpuz T.V., Grove J.C. R., Jarvie B.C., Knight Z.A. Enteroendocrine cell types that drive food reward and aversion. Elife. 2022. V. 11. P. e74964.
  32. Baragli P., Vitale V., Paoletti E., Mengoli M., Sighieri C. Encoding the object position for assessment of short term spatial memory in horses (Equus caballus). Int. J. Comp. Psychol. 2011. V. 24. № 3.
  33. Barber T.A., Klunk A.M., Howorth P.D., Pearlman M.F., Patrick K.E. A new look at an old task: advantages and uses of sickness-conditioned learning in day-old chicks. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1998. V. 60. № 2. P. 423–430.
  34. Bast T., Silva B.M. da, Morris R.G.M. Distinct contributions of hippocampal NMDA and AMPA receptors to encoding and retrieval of one-trial place memory. J. Neurosci. 2005. V. 25. № 25. P. 5845–5856.
  35. Battig W.F. Paired-associate learning under simultaneous repetition and nonrepetition conditions. J. Exp. Psychol. 1962. V. 64. № 1. P. 87.
  36. Bekinschtein P., Cammarota M., Igaz L.M., Bevilaqua L.R.M., Izquierdo I., Medina J.H. Persistence of long-term memory storage requires a late protein synthesis-and BDNF-dependent phase in the hippocampus. Neuron. 2007. V. 53. № 2. P. 261–277.
  37. Beracochea D.J., Jaffard R. The effects of mammillary body lesions on delayed matching and delayed non-matching to place tasks in the mice. Behav. Brain Res. 1995. V. 68. № 1. P. 45–52.
  38. Bergstrom H.C., Johnson L.R. An organization of visual and auditory fear conditioning in the lateral amygdala. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2014. V. 116. P. 1–13.
  39. Bergstrom H.C., Lieberman A.G., Graybeal C., Lipkin A.M., Holmes A. Dorsolateral striatum engagement during reversal learning. Learn. Mem. 2020. V. 27. № 10. P. 418–422.
  40. Bermudez-Rattoni F., McGaugh J.L. Insular cortex and amygdala lesions differentially affect acquisition on inhibitory avoidance and conditioned taste aversion. Brain Res. 1991. V. 549. № 1. P. 165–170.
  41. Besnard A., Caboche J., Laroche S. Reconsolidation of memory: a decade of debate. Prog. Neurobiol. 2012. V. 99. № 1. P. 61–80.
  42. Bessieres B., Nicole O., Bontempi B. Assessing recent and remote associative olfactory memory in rats using the social transmission of food preference paradigm. Nat. Protoc. 2017. V. 12. № 7. P. 1415–1436.
  43. Bilkó Á., Altbäcker V., Hudson R. Transmission of food preference in the rabbit: the means of information transfer. Physiol. Behav. 1994. V. 56. № 5. P. 907–912.
  44. Binder S., Baier P.C., Mölle M., Inostroza M., Born J., Marshall L. Sleep enhances memory consolidation in the hippocampus-dependent object-place recognition task in rats. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2012. V. 97. № 2. P. 213–219.
  45. Blaisdell A.P., Schroeder J.E. Evidence for object–place binding in pigeons in a sequence-learning procedure. Learn. Behav. 2022. V. 50. № 3. P. 405–416.
  46. Bloch S., Belzung C. The Light–Dark Box Test in the Mouse. J. Harro. Humana New York, NY: Springer, 2022. №1. 401 p.
  47. Boakes R.A., Badolato C., Rehn S. Taste aversion learning during successive negative contrast. Learn. Behav. 2024. V. 52. P. 1–13.
  48. Bona L., Staaveren N. Van, Pokharel B.B., Krimpen M. Van, Harlander-Matauschek A. The effect of low protein energy-rich diets on plasma hepatic markers, hepatic damage, and discrimination reversal learning in young female chicks. Front. Vet. Sci. 2018. V. 5. P. 107.
  49. Bonney K.R., Wynne C.D. L. Studies of learning and problem solving in two species of Australian marsupials. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2004. V. 28. № 6. P. 583–594.
  50. Bordner K.A., Spear N.E. Olfactory learning in the one-day old rat: Reinforcing effects of isoproterenol. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2006. V. 86. № 1. P. 19–27.
  51. Brito I., Britto L.R. G., Ferrari E.A. M. Retrieval of contextual aversive memory and induction of Zenk expression in the hippocampus of pigeons. Brain Res. Bull. 2019. V. 153. P. 341–349.
  52. Brown M. Determinants of conditioned prey avoidance in the fire-bellied toad, Bombina orientalis. Diss. University of Guelph. 2018.
  53. Buatois A. Behavioral and neurobiological studies of visual learning in honey bees (Apis mellifera) in virtual reality. Animal Cognition Research Center, University of Toulouse. 2018.
  54. Bublitz A., Weinhold S.R., Strobel S., Dehnhardt G., Hanke F.D. Reconsideration of serial visual reversal learning in octopus (Octopus vulgaris) from a methodological perspective. Front. Physiol. 2017. V. 8. P. 54.
  55. Buchmann O.L. K., Grecian E.A. Discrimination-reversal learning in the marsupial Isoodon obesulus (Marsupialia, Peramelidae). Anim. Behav. 1974. V. 22. P. 975–981.
  56. Buckley M.G., Bast T. A new human delayed‐matching‐to‐place test in a virtual environment reverse‐translated from the rodent watermaze paradigm: Characterization of performance measures and sex differences. Hippocampus. 2018. V. 28. № 11. P. 796–812.
  57. Buffenstein R. The naked mole-rat: a new long-living model for human aging research. Journals Gerontol. Ser. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2005. V. 60. № 11. P. 1369–1377.
  58. Bulens A., Sterken H., Beirendonck S. Van, Thielen J. Van, Driessen B. The use of different objects during a novel object test in stabled horses. J. Vet. Behav. 2015. V. 10. № 1. P. 54–58.
  59. Careaga M.B. L., Girardi C.E. N., Suchecki D. Understanding posttraumatic stress disorder through fear conditioning, extinction and reconsolidation. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2016. V. 71. P. 48–57.
  60. Cassaigne I., Thompson R., McKenna R., Medellin R.A., Given W., Remolina F., Nuñez R., Woolrich D., Luna F. Successful conditioned taste aversion in jaguars. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2023. V. 265. P. 105983.
  61. Chao O.Y., Nikolaus S., Yang Y.-M., Huston J.P. Neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place in rodent models. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2022. V. 141. P. 104855.
  62. Chapple R.S., Wodzicka-Tomaszewska M., Lynch J.J. The learning behaviour of sheep when introduced to wheat. II. Social transmission of wheat feeding and the role of the senses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1987. V. 18. № 2. P. 163–172.
  63. Chen H., Naya Y. Forward Processing of Object–Location Association from the Ventral Stream to Medial Temporal Lobe in Nonhuman Primates. Cereb. Cortex. 2020. V. 30. № 3. P. 1260–1271.
  64. Chesworth R., Cheng D., Staub C., Karl T. Effect of long-term cannabidiol on learning and anxiety in a female Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Front. Pharmacol. 2022. V. 13.
  65. Chiarati E., Canestrari D., Vera R., Baglione V. Subordinates benefit from exploratory dominants: response to novel food in cooperatively breeding carrion crows. Anim. Behav. 2012. V. 83. № 1. P. 103–109.
  66. Cho Y.H., Jaffard R. The Entorhinal Cortex and a Delayed Non‐matching‐to‐place Task in Mice: Emphasis on Preoperative Training and Presentation Procedure. Eur. J. Neurosci. 1994. V. 6. № 8. P. 1265–1274.
  67. Cholé H., Junca P., Sandoz J.-C. Appetitive but not aversive olfactory conditioning modifies antennal movements in honeybees. Learn. Mem. 2015. V. 22. № 12. P. 604–616.
  68. Christie L.-A. Mapping canine learning and memory systems: functions of the rhinal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices in object and visuospatial learning and memo. Diss. University of Toronto. 2006.
  69. Cinalli Jr D.A., Cohen S.J., Guthrie K., Stackman Jr R.W. Object recognition memory: distinct yet complementary roles of the mouse CA1 and perirhinal cortex. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 2020. V. 13. P. 527543.
  70. Clayton N.S., Dally J.M., Emery N.J. Social cognition by food-caching corvids. The western scrub-jay as a natural psychologist. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 2007. V. 362. № 1480. P. 507–522.
  71. Clayton N.S., Dickinson A. Episodic-like memory during cache recovery by scrub jays. Nature. 1998. V. 395. № 6699. P. 272–274.
  72. Cole K.E., Parsons R.G. Sex difference in the facilitation of fear learning by prior fear conditioning. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2023. V. 205. P. 107835.
  73. Colwill R.M., Raymond M.P., Ferreira L., Escudero H. Visual discrimination learning in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Behav. Processes. 2005. V. 70. № 1. P. 19–31.
  74. Conway M.A. Flashbulb memories. Hillsdale, NJ: L. London: Psychology Press.1994. № 1. 150 p.
  75. Cornwell B.R., Overstreet C., Krimsky M., Grillon C. Passive avoidance is linked to impaired fear extinction in humans. Learn. Mem. 2013. V. 20. № 3. P. 164–169.
  76. Countryman R.A., Kaban N.L., Colombo P.J. Hippocampal c-fos is necessary for long-term memory of a socially transmitted food preference. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2005. V. 84. № 3. P. 175–183.
  77. Crane A.L., Helton E.J., Ferrari M.C. O., Mathis A. Learning to find food: evidence for embryonic sensitization and juvenile social learning in a salamander. Anim. Behav. 2018. V. 142. P. 199–206.
  78. Crow T., Siddiqi V. Time-dependent changes in excitability after one-trial conditioning of Hermissenda. J. Neurophysiol. 1997. V. 78. № 6. P. 3460–3464.
  79. Cyr T.G., Toscano K., Hirst W. Flashbulb memories and memories for personal events: Their role in social categorization and identification. J. Appl. Res. Mem. Cogn. 2024. V. 13. № 2. P. 260.
  80. Dale R.H. I., Innis N.K. Interactions between response stereotypy and memory strategies on the eight-arm radial maze. Behav. Brain Res. 1986. V. 19. № 1. P. 17–25.
  81. Damphousse C.C., Miller N., Marrone D.F. Reaction to novelty as a behavioral assay of recognition memory in homing pigeons and Japanese quail. Learn. Behav. 2022. V. 50. № 1. P. 167–177.
  82. Davis J.L., Jensen R.A. The development of passive and active avoidance learning in the cat. Dev. Psychobiol. J. Int. Soc. Dev. Psychobiol. 1976. V. 9. № 2. P. 175–179.
  83. Day M., Langston R., Morris R.G. M. Glutamate-receptor-mediated encoding and retrieval of paired-associate learning. Nature. 2003. V. 424. № 6945. P. 205–209.
  84. Day M., Morris R.G. M. Glutamate-receptor-mediated encoding and retrieval of paired-associate learning. Nature. 2003. 424(6945): 205-209..
  85. Demuth B.S., Ferrari M.C. O., Weber L.P., Janz D.M., Chivers D.P. Exposure to a contextually neutral stressor potentiates fear conditioning in juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Horm. Behav. 2017. V. 94. P. 124–134.
  86. DePasquale C., Armstrong P., Li X. The influence of enrichment on spatial pattern separation in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Bios. 2020. V. 91. № 1. P. 31–41.
  87. Dere E., Huston J.P., Silva M.A. D. S. The pharmacology, neuroanatomy and neurogenetics of one-trial object recognition in rodents. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2007. V. 31. № 5. P. 673–704.
  88. Díaz-Sánchez E., López-Salas A., Mirchandani-Duque M., Alvarez-Contino J.E., Sánchez-Pérez J.A., Fuxe K., Borroto-Escuela D.O., García-Casares N., Narváez M. Decreased medial prefrontal cortex activity related to impaired novel object preference task performance following GALR2 and Y1R agonists intranasal infusion. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2023. V. 161. P. 114433.
  89. Diener S.J., Flor H., Wessa M. Learning and consolidation of verbal declarative memory in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Zeitschrift für Psychol. Psychol. 2015. V. 218. № 2. P. 135–140.
  90. Dimitrova L.I., Dean S.L., Schlumpf Y.R., Vissia E.M., Nijenhuis E.R. S., Chatzi V., Jäncke L., Veltman D.J., Chalavi S., Reinders A.A. T. S. A neurostructural biomarker of dissociative amnesia: a hippocampal study in dissociative identity disorder. Psychol. Med. 2023. V. 53. № 3. P. 805–813.
  91. Ding H.K., Teixeira C.M., Frankland P.W. Inactivation of the anterior cingulate cortex blocks expression of remote, but not recent, conditioned taste aversion memory. Learn. Mem. 2008. V. 15. № 5. P. 290–293.
  92. Dinges C.W., Avalos A., Abramson C.I., Craig D.P. A., Austin Z.M., Varnon C.A., Dal F.N., Giray T., Wells H. Aversive conditioning in honey bees (Apis mellifera anatolica): a comparison of drones and workers. J. Exp. Biol. 2013. V. 216. № 21. P. 4124–4134.
  93. Doolen A.C., Radvansky G.A. A novel study: Long-lasting event memory.Memory. 2021. V. 29. № 8. P. 963–982.
  94. Dorschner J., Hernandez Salazar L.T., Laska M. Serial visual reversal learning in captive black-handed spider monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi. Anim. Cogn. 2024. V. 27. № 1. P. 56.
  95. Doty B.A., Jones C.N., Doty L.A. Learning-set formation by mink, ferrets, skunks, and cats. Science. 1967. V. 155. № 3769. P. 1579–1580.
  96. Drapier M., Addessi E., Visalberghi E. Response of Cebus apella to foods flavored with familiar or novel odor. Int. J. Primatol. 2003. V. 24. P. 295–315.
  97. Duncan H.J., Slotnick B.M. Comparison of visual and olfactory reversal learning in pigeons. Chem. Senses. 1990. V. 15. № 1. P. 59–73.
  98. Düpjan S., Schön P.-C., Puppe B., Tuchscherer A., Manteuffel G. Differential vocal responses to physical and mental stressors in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa). Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2008. V. 114. № 1–2. P. 105–115.
  99. Eisthen H.L. Evolution of vertebrate olfactory systems. Brain. Behav. Evol. 1997. V. 50. № 4. P. 222–233.
  100. Erdsack N., Dehnhardt G., Hanke F.D. Serial visual reversal learning in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). Anim. Cogn. 2022. V. 25. № 5. P. 1183–1193.
  101. Estes W.K. Behavior Theory: Newtonian or Maxwellian? PsycCRITIQUES. 1957. V. 2. № 6.
  102. Estes W.K. Learning theory and the new” mental chemistry.” Psychol. Rev. 1960. V. 67. № 4. P. 207.
  103. Fanselow M.S. Conditional and unconditional components of post-shock freezing. Pavlov. J. Biol. Sci. Off. J. Pavlov. 1980. V. 15. № 4. P. 177–182.
  104. Fanselow M.S. Contextual fear, gestalt memories, and the hippocampus. Behav. Brain Res. 2000. V. 110. № 1–2. P. 73–81.
  105. Fei-Fei L., Fergus R., Perona P. One-shot learning of object categories. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 2006. V. 28. № 4. P. 594–611.
  106. Fellini L., Morellini F. Mice create what–where–when hippocampus-dependent memories of unique experiences. J. Neurosci. 2013. V. 33. № 3. P. 1038–1043.
  107. Feng N., Sun B. On simulating one-trial learning using morphological neural networks. Cogn. Syst. Res. 2019. V. 53. P. 61–70.
  108. Ferguson A. Using Conditioned Food Aversion (CFA) to reduce Pied Crow (Corbus albus) predation of plover nests. University of Cape Town, Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology. 2016.
  109. Figueroa J., Solà-Oriol D., Manteca X., Pérez J.F. Social learning of feeding behaviour in pigs: Effects of neophobia and familiarity with the demonstrator conspecific. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2013. V. 148. № 1–2. P. 120–127.
  110. Fox G.B., Faden A.I. Traumatic brain injury causes delayed motor and cognitive impairment in a mutant mouse strain known to exhibit delayed Wallerian degeneration. J. Neurosci. Res. 1998. V. 53. № 6. P. 718–727.
  111. Friedman H., Marshall D.A. Position reversal training in the Virginia opossum: Evidence for the acquisition of a learning set. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 1965. V. 17. № 3. P. 250–254.
  112. Fujita K., Morisaki A., Takaoka A., Maeda T., Hori Y. Incidental memory in dogs (Canis familiaris): adaptive behavioral solution at an unexpected memory test. Anim. Cogn. 2012. V. 15. P. 1055–1063.
  113. Gabriel P.O., Golightly R.T. Experimental assessment of taste aversion conditioning on Steller’s Jays to provide potential short-term improvement of nest survival of Marbled Murrelets in northern California. Arcata, California. 2012. 35 p.
  114. Gallup G.G., Rosen T.S., Brown C.W. Effect of conditioned fear on tonic immobility in domestic chickens. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 1972. V. 78. № 1. P. 22.
  115. Gao Y., Han H., Xu R., Cao J., Luo J., Xu L. Effects of prolonged exposure to context following contextual fear conditioning on synaptic properties in rat hippocampal slices. Neurosci. Res. 2008. V. 61. № 4. P. 385–389.
  116. Gaspary K.V., Reolon G.K., Gusso D., Bonan C.D. Novel object recognition and object location tasks in zebrafish: Influence of habituation and NMDA receptor antagonism. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2018. V. 155. P. 249–260.
  117. Gaston K.E. An illness-induced conditioned aversion in domestic chicks: One-trial learning with a long delay of reinforcement. Behav. Biol. 1977. V. 20. № 4. P. 441–453.
  118. Germer J., Kahl E., Fendt M. Memory generalization after one-trial contextual fear conditioning: Effects of sex and neuropeptide S receptor deficiency. Behav. Brain Res. 2019. V. 361. P. 159–166.
  119. Gifford A.K., Cloutier S., Newberry R.C. Objects as enrichment: Effects of object exposure time and delay interval on object recognition memory of the domestic pig. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2007. V. 107. № 3–4. P. 206–217.
  120. Gilbert P.E., Kesner R.P. Role of rodent hippocampus in paired-associate learning involving associations between a stimulus and a spatial location. Behav. Neurosci. 2002. V. 116. № 1. P. 63.
  121. Gilbert P.E., Pirogovsky E., Ferdon S., Brushfield A.M., Murphy C. Differential effects of normal aging on memory for odor-place and object-place associations. Exp. Aging Res. 2008. V. 34. № 4. P. 437–452.
  122. Glowa J.R., Jeffreys R.D., Riley A.L. Drug discrimination using a conditioned taste‐aversion paradigm in rhesus monkeys. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 1991. V. 56. № 2. P. 303–312.
  123. Gold P.E. The use of avoidance training in studies of modulation of memory storage. Behav. Neural Biol. 1986. V. 46. № 1. P. 87–98.
  124. Golden R.K., Dilger R.N. Determining underlying influences of data variability in the novel object recognition paradigm as used with young pigs. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2024. V. 18. P. 1434489.
  125. Goodrich-Hunsaker N.J., Gilbert P.E., Hopkins R.O. The role of the human hippocampus in odor–place associative memory. Chem. Senses. 2009. V. 34. № 6. P. 513–521.
  126. Goosens K.A., Maren S. Contextual and Auditory Fear Conditioning are Mediated by the Lateral, Basal, and Central Amygdaloid Nuclei in Rats. Learn. Mem. 2001. V. 8. № 3. P. 148–155.
  127. Gothard K.M., Erickson C.A., Amaral D.G. How do rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) scan faces in a visual paired comparison task? Anim. Cogn. 2004. V. 7. P. 25–36.
  128. Gustafsson E., Jalme M. Saint, Bomsel M.-C., Krief S. Food neophobia and social learning opportunities in great apes. Int. J. Primatol. 2014. V. 35. P. 1037–1071.
  129. Gustavson C.R., Gustavson J.C., Holzer G.A. Thiabendazole-based taste aversions in dingoes (Canis familiaris dingo) and New Guinea wild dogs (Canis familiaris hallstromi). Appl. Anim. Ethol. 1983. V. 10. № 4. P. 385–388.
  130. Guthrie E.R. Conditioning: A theory of learning in terms of stimulus, response, and association. Teach. Coll. Rec. 1942. V. 43. № 10. P. 17–60.
  131. Guyonnet A.E. M., Whishaw I.Q. Memory for a day: Olfactory place episodic-like memory for dung droppings by the domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus). bioRxiv. 2022. P. 2011–2022.
  132. Guzmán-Ramos K., Bermúdez-Rattoni F. Post-learning molecular reactivation underlies taste memory consolidation. Front. Syst. Neurosci. 2011. V. 5. P. 79.
  133. Hamm R.J., Temple M.D., Pike B.R., O’Dell D.M., Buck D.L., Lyeth B.G. Working memory deficits following traumatic brain injury in the rat. J. Neurotrauma. 1996. V. 13. № 6. P. 317–323.
  134. Handelmann G.E., Olton D.S. Spatial memory following damage to hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells with kainic acid: impairment and recovery with preoperative training. Brain Res. 1981. V. 217. № 1. P. 41–58.
  135. Harlow H.F. The formation of learning sets.Psychol. Rev. 1949. V. 56. № 1. P. 51.
  136. Hegab I.M., Qian Z., Pu Q., Wang Z., Cai Z., Guo H., Wang H., Ji W., Hanafy A.M., Su J. Gender difference in unconditioned and conditioned predator fear responses in Smith’s zokors (Eospalax smithii). Glob. Ecol. Conserv. 2018. V. 16. P. e00503.
  137. Hervig M.E., Fiddian L., Piilgaard L., Božič T., Blanco-Pozo M., Knudsen C., Olesen S.F., Alsiö J., Robbins T. Dissociable and paradoxical roles of rat medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex in visual serial reversal learning. Cereb. Cortex. 2020. V. 30. № 3. P. 1016–1029.
  138. Hikami K., Hasegawa Y., Matsuzawa T. Social transmission of food preferences in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) after mere exposure or aversion training. J. Comp. Psychol. 1990. V. 104. № 3. P. 233.
  139. Hille P., Dehnhardt G., Mauck B. An analysis of visual oddity concept learning in a California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). Learn. Behav. 2006. V. 34. P. 144–153.
  140. Hirota Y., Arai A., Young L.J., Osako Y., Yuri K., Mitsui S. Oxytocin receptor antagonist reverses the blunting effect of pair bonding on fear learning in monogamous prairie voles. Horm. Behav. 2020. V. 120. P. 104685.
  141. Huff N.C., Zielinski D.J., Fecteau M.E., Brady R., LaBar K.S. Human fear conditioning conducted in full immersion 3-dimensional virtual reality. JoVE (Journal Vis. Exp. 2010. № 42. P. e1993.
  142. Hull C.L. Principles of behavior: an introduction to behavior theory. New York, NY, USA: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 1943. 422 p.
  143. Hull C.L. A behavior system; an introduction to behavior theory concerning the individual organism. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. 1974. 372 p.
  144. Irizarry-Méndez N., Criado-Marrero M., Hernandez A., Colón M., Porter J.T. Reducing FKBP51 Expression in the Ventral Hippocampus Decreases Auditory Fear Conditioning in Male Rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024. V. 25. № 13. P. 7097.
  145. Irwin S., Banuazizi A., Kalsner S., Curtis A. One trial learning in the mouse: I. Its characteristics and modification by experimental-seasonal variables. Psychopharmacologia. 1968. V. 12. № 4. P. 286–302.
  146. Islam T., Torigoe M., Tanimoto Y., Okamoto H. Adult zebrafish can learn Morris water maze-like tasks in a two-dimensional virtual reality system. Cell Reports Methods. 2024. V. 4. № 10. P. 100863.
  147. Ivashkina O.I., Gruzdeva A.M., Roshchina M.A., Toropova K.A., Anokhin K.V. Imaging of C-fos activity in neurons of the mouse parietal association cortex during acquisition and retrieval of associative fear memory. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021. V. 22. № 15. P. 8244.
  148. Ivashkina O.I., Toropova K.A., Ivanov A.A., Chekhov S.A., Anokhin K.V. Waves of c-Fos and Arc proteins expression in neuronal populations of the hippocampus in response to a single episode of new experience. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2016. V. 160. P. 729–732.
  149. Ivashkina O.I., Toropova K.A., Roshchina M.A., Anokhin K.V. Acquisition of a conditioned fear reaction to a light stimulus in mice: comparison with learning in response to a sound stimulus. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 2017. V. 47. P. 994–998.
  150. Izquierdo I., Cunha C. da, Rosat R., Jerusalinsky D., Ferreira M.B. C., Medina J.H. Neurotransmitter receptors involved in post-training memory processing by the amygdala, medial septum, and hippocampus of the rat. Behav. Neural Biol. 1992. V. 58. № 1. P. 16–26.
  151. Izquierdo I., McGaugh J.L. Behavioural pharmacology and its contribution to the molecular basis of memory consolidation. Behav. Pharmacol. 2000. V. 11. № 7. P. 517–534.
  152. Izquierdo I., Medina J.H. GABAA receptor modulation of memory: the role of endogenous benzodiazepines. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 1991. V. 12. P. 260–265.
  153. Izquierdo I., Medina J.H. Correlation between the pharmacology of long-term potentiation and the pharmacology of memory. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 1995. V. 63. № 1. P. 19–32.
  154. Izquierdo I., Medina J.H. Memory Formation: The Sequence of Biochemical Events in the Hippocampus and Its Connection to Activity in Other Brain Structures. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 1997. V. 68. № 3. P. 285–316.
  155. Jarvik M.E., Essman W.B. A simple one-trial learning situation for mice. Psychol. Rep. 1960. V. 6. № 2. P. 290–290.
  156. Ji W., Suga N., Gao E. Effects of agonists and antagonists of NMDA and ACh receptors on plasticity of bat auditory system elicited by fear conditioning. J. Neurophysiol. 2005. V. 94. № 2. P. 1199–1211.
  157. Kang M.S., Han J.-H. Optogenetic inhibition of medial entorhinal cortex inputs to the hippocampus during a short period of time right after learning disrupts contextual fear memory formation. Mol. Brain. 2021. V. 14. № 1. P. 2.
  158. Karayiannis N.B., Venetsanopoulos A.N., Karayiannis N.B., Venetsanopoulos A.N. Fast learning algorithms for neural networks. Artif. Neural Networks Learn. Algorithms, Perform. Eval. Appl. 1993. P. 141–193.
  159. Katz M., Lachlan R.F. Social learning of food types in zebra finches (Taenopygia guttata) is directed by demonstrator sex and feeding activity. Anim. Cogn. 2003. V. 6. P. 11–16.
  160. Kazama A.M., Heuer E., Davis M., Bachevalier J. Effects of neonatal amygdala lesions on fear learning, conditioned inhibition, and extinction in adult macaques. Behav. Neurosci. 2012. V. 126. № 3. P. 392–403.
  161. Kesner R.P., Hunsaker M.R., Warthen M.W. The CA3 subregion of the hippocampus is critical for episodic memory processing by means of relational encoding in rats. Behav. Neurosci. 2008. V. 122. № 6. P. 1217.
  162. Kida S. Reconsolidation/destabilization, extinction and forgetting of fear memory as therapeutic targets for PTSD. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019. V. 236. № 1. P. 49–57.
  163. Kilonzo K., Veen B. Van der, Teutsch J., Schulz S., Kapanaiah S.K. T., Liss B., Kätzel D. Delayed-matching-to-position working memory in mice relies on NMDA-receptors in prefrontal pyramidal cells. Sci. Rep. 2021. V. 11. № 1. P. 8788.
  164. Kim J., Delcasso S., Lee I. Neural correlates of object-in-place learning in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. J. Neurosci. 2011. V. 31. № 47. P. 16991–17006.
  165. Kim W. Bin, Cho J.-H. Encoding of contextual fear memory in hippocampal-amygdala circuit. Nat. Commun. 2020. V. 11. № 1. P. 1382.
  166. Kirkby R.J., Williams G. Behaviour of marsupials. IV: Successive reversal learning in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus Vulpecula). Aust. J. Psychol. 1979. V. 31. № 3. P. 185–191.
  167. Kirkerud N.H., Schlegel U., Giovanni Galizia C. Aversive Learning of Colored Lights in Walking Honeybees. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2017. V. 11.
  168. Köhler W. An aspect of Gestalt psychology. Pedagog. Semin. J. Genet. Psychol. 1925. V. 32. № 4. P. 691–723.
  169. Krolik A., Diamandakis D., Zych A., Stafiej A., Salinska E. The involvement of TRP channels in memory formation and task retrieval in a passive avoidance task in one-day old chicks. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2020. V. 171. P. 107209.
  170. Kundey S.M. A., Phillips M. Recognition of novelty in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) and tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum). Behav. Processes. 2021. V. 184. P. 104320.
  171. Labban S., Alghamdi B.S., Alshehri F.S., Kurdi M. Effects of melatonin and resveratrol on recognition memory and passive avoidance performance in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Behav. Brain Res. 2021. V. 402. P. 113100.
  172. Lachlan R.F., Crooks L., Laland K.N. Who follows whom? Shoaling preferences and social learning of foraging information in guppies. Anim. Behav. 1998. V. 56. № 1. P. 181–190.
  173. Lai Z.C., Moss M.B., Killiany R.J., Rosene D.L., Herndon J.G. Executive system dysfunction in the aged monkey: spatial and object reversal learning.Neurobiol. Aging. 1995. V. 16. № 6. P. 947–954.
  174. Lamprecht R., Hazvi S., Dudai Y. cAMP response element-binding protein in the amygdala is required for long-but not short-term conditioned taste aversion memory. J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 17. № 21. P. 8443–8450.
  175. Landeta A.B. de, Pereyra M., Medina J.H., Katche C. Anterior retrosplenial cortex is required for long-term object recognition memory. Sci. Rep. 2020. V. 10. № 1. P. 4002.
  176. Languille S., Liévin-Bazin A., Picq J.-L., Louis C., Dix S., Barry J. De, Blin O., Richardson J., Bordet R., Schenker E. Deficits of psychomotor and mnesic functions across aging in mouse lemur primates. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2015. V. 8. P. 446.
  177. Larkin M.C., Lykken C., Tye L.D., Wickelgren J.G., Frank L.M. Hippocampal output area CA1 broadcasts a generalized novelty signal during an object‐place recognition task. Hippocampus. 2014. V. 24. № 7. P. 773–783.
  178. Laska M., Metzker K. Food avoidance learning in squirrel monkeys and common marmosets. Learn. Mem. 1998. V. 5. № 3. P. 193–203.
  179. Lavenex P., Schenk F. Influence of local environmental olfactory cues on place learning in rats. Physiol. Behav. 1995. V. 58. № 6. P. 1059–1066.
  180. LaVinka P.C., Brand A., Landau V.J., Wirtshafter D., Park T.J. Extreme tolerance to ammonia fumes in African naked mole-rats: animals that naturally lack neuropeptides from trigeminal chemosensory nerve fibers. J. Comp. Physiol. A. 2009. V. 195. P. 419–427.
  181. LeDoux J.E. Emotion circuits in the brain. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2000. V. 23. № 1. P. 155–184.
  182. Lee I., Kesner R.P. Differential contribution of NMDA receptors in hippocampal subregions to spatial working memory. Nat. Neurosci. 2002. V. 5. № 2. P. 162–168.
  183. Lee I., Kesner R.P. Differential roles of dorsal hippocampal subregions in spatial working memory with short versus intermediate delay. Behav. Neurosci. 2003a. V. 117. № 5. P. 1044.
  184. Lee I., Kesner R.P. Time-dependent relationship between the dorsal hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex in spatial memory. J. Neurosci. 2003b. V. 23. № 4. P. 1517–1523.
  185. Lee K.-N., Chirwa S. Blocking dopaminergic signaling soon after learning impairs memory consolidation in guinea pigs. PLoS One. 2015. V. 10. № 8. P. e0135578.
  186. Lehmann H., Lacanilao S., Sutherland R.J. Complete or partial hippocampal damage produces equivalent retrograde amnesia for remote contextual fear memories. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2007. V. 25. № 5. P. 1278–1286.
  187. Lesburguères E., Gobbo O.L., Alaux-Cantin S., Hambucken A., Trifilieff P., Bontempi B. Early tagging of cortical networks is required for the formation of enduring associative memory. Science. 2011. V. 331. № 6019. P. 924–928.
  188. Li Y., Yan Z., Lin A., Li X., Li K. Non-Dose-Dependent Relationship between Antipredator Behavior and Conspecific Alarm Substance in Zebrafish. Fishes. 2023. V. 8. № 2.
  189. Li Z., Zhou Q., Li L., Mao R., Wang M., Peng W., Dong Z., Xu L., Cao J. Effects of unconditioned and conditioned aversive stimuli in an intense fear conditioning paradigm on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 area in vivo. Hippocampus. 2005. V. 15. № 6. P. 815–824.
  190. Liff C.W., Ayman Y.R., Jaeger E.C. B., Lee H.S., Kim A., Albarracín A.V., Marlin B.J. Fear conditioning biases olfactory stem cell receptor fate. bioRxiv. 2023. P. 2002–2023.
  191. Litvin O.O., Anokhin K.V. Transient amnesia produced by cycloheximide at late times after passive avoidance training in chicks. Eur. J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 10. № 10. P. 111.
  192. Liu X., Ramirez S., Pang P.T., Puryear C.B., Govindarajan A., Deisseroth K., Tonegawa S. Optogenetic stimulation of a hippocampal engram activates fear memory recall. Nature. 2012. V. 484. № 7394. P. 381–385.
  193. Liu Z., Sun W., Ng Y.H., Dong H., Quake S.R., Südhof T.C. The cortical amygdala consolidates a socially transmitted long-term memory. Nature. 2024. V. 632. № 8024. P. 366–374.
  194. Logue A.W., Ophir I., Strauss K.E. The acquisition of taste aversions in humans. Behav. Res. Ther. 1981. V. 19. № 4. P. 319–333.
  195. Lorenzini C.A., Baldi E., Bucherelli C., Sacchetti B., Tassoni G. Role of dorsal hippocampus in acquisition, consolidation and retrieval of rat’s passive avoidance response: a tetrodotoxin functional inactivation study. Brain Res. 1996. V. 730. № 1–2. P. 32–39.
  196. Lubar J.F. Effect of medial cortical lesions on the avoidance behavior of the cat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 1964. V. 58. № 1. P. 38.
  197. Luchkina N. V, Bolshakov V.Y. Mechanisms of fear learning and extinction: synaptic plasticity–fear memory connection. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019. V. 236. P. 163–182.
  198. Lucon-Xiccato T., Russi G. De, Frigato E., Dadda M., Bertolucci C. One-trial odour recognition learning and its underlying brain areas in the zebrafish. Behav. Brain Res. 2024. V. 465. P. 114949.
  199. Lupfer-Johnson G., Ross J. Dogs acquire food preferences from interacting with recently fed conspecifics. Behav. Processes. 2007. V. 74. № 1. P. 104–106.
  200. Lupfer G., Frieman J., Coonfield D. Social transmission of flavor preferences in two species of hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus and Phodopus campbelli). J. Comp. Psychol. 2003. V. 117. № 4. P. 449.
  201. Lyamin O.I., Borshchenko V.D., Siegel J.M. A 108-h total sleep deprivation did not impair fur seal performance in delayed matching to sample task. J. Comp. Physiol. B. 2024. V. 194. № 3. P. 315–333.
  202. Mahdavi M.S., Nasehi M., Vaseghi S., Mousavi Z., Zarrindast M.-R. The effect of alpha lipoic acid on passive avoidance and social interaction memory, pain perception, and locomotor activity in REM sleep-deprived rats. Pharmacol. Reports. 2021. V. 73. P. 102–110.
  203. Manns J.R., Stark C.E. L., Squire L.R. The visual paired-comparison task as a measure of declarative memory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2000. V. 97. № 22. P. 12375–12379.
  204. Martin-Ordas G. The constructive nature of memories in insects: bumblebees as a case study. Philos. Trans. B. 2024. V. 379. № 1913. P. 20230405.
  205. Massei G., Lyon A., Cowan D.P. Levamisole can induce conditioned taste aversion in foxes. Wildl. Res. 2003. V. 30. № 6. P. 633–637.
  206. Matsuzawa T., Hasegawa Y., Gotoh S., Wada K. One-trial long-lasting food-aversion learning in wild Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Behav. Neural Biol. 1983. V. 39. № 2. P. 155–159.
  207. McEchron M.D., Tseng W., Disterhoft J.F. Neurotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus disrupt auditory‐cued trace heart rate (fear) conditioning in rabbits. Hippocampus. 2000. V. 10. № 6. P. 739–751.
  208. McKissick O., Klimpert N., Ritt J.T., Fleischmann A. Odors in space. Front. Neural Circuits. 2024. V. 18. P. 1414452.
  209. McLendon S., Amoroso C.R. Social influences on food avoidance in Lemur catta. Folia Primatol. 2020. V. 91. № 6. P. 622–629.
  210. Melo M.B. de, Favaro V.M., Oliveira M.G. M. The contextual fear conditioning consolidation depends on the functional interaction of the dorsal subiculum and basolateral amygdala in rats. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2023. V. 205. P. 107827.
  211. Mendes-Gomes J., Motta S.C., Bindi R.P., Oliveira A.R. de, Ullah F., Baldo M.V. C., Coimbra N.C., Canteras N.S., Blanchard D.C. Defensive behaviors and brain regional activation changes in rats confronting a snake. Behav. Brain Res. 2020. V. 381. P. 112469.
  212. Mineka S., Davidson M., Cook M., Keir R. Observational conditioning of snake fear in rhesus monkeys. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 1984. V. 93. № 4. P. 355.
  213. Mirza S.N., Provenza F.D. Preference of the mother affects selection and avoidance of foods by lambs differing in age. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1990. V. 28. № 3. P. 255–263.
  214. Mizuno K., Jeffries A.R., Abel T., Giese K.P. Long-lasting transcription in hippocampal area CA1 after contextual fear conditioning. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2020. V. 172. P. 107250.
  215. Moita M.A.P., Rosis S., Zhou Y., LeDoux J.E., Blair H.T. Hippocampal Place Cells Acquire Location-Specific Responses to the Conditioned Stimulus during Auditory Fear Conditioning. Neuron. 2003. V. 37. № 3. P. 485–497.
  216. Monfils M.H., Agee L.A. Insights from social transmission of information in rodents. Genes, Brain Behav. 2019. V. 18. № 1. P. e12534.
  217. Montardy Q., Kwan W.C., Mundinano I.C., Fox D.M., Wang L., Gross C.T., Bourne J.A. Mapping the neural circuitry of predator fear in the nonhuman primate. Brain Struct. Funct. 2021. V. 226. № 1. P. 195–205.
  218. Moratalla R., Borrell J., Sanchez-Franco F., Rio J. Del. Neonatal administration of vasopressin antiserum induces long-term deficits on active and passive avoidance behaviour in rats. Behav. Brain Res. 1987. V. 23. № 3. P. 231–237.
  219. Morris R.G. M., Day M. Places and flavours: one-trial paired associate learning as a model of episodic-like memory in the rat. International Congress Series. Elsevier, 2003. P. 183–198.
  220. Morris R.G. M., Moser E.I., Riedel G., Martin S.J., Sandin J., Day M., O’Carroll C. Elements of a neurobiological theory of the hippocampus: the role of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in memory. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London. Ser. B Biol. Sci. 2003. V. 358. № 1432. P. 773–786.
  221. Mouly A.-M., Bouillot C., Costes N., Zimmer L., Ravel N., Litaudon P. PET metabolic imaging of time-dependent reorganization of olfactory cued fear memory networks in rats. Cereb. Cortex. 2022. V. 32. № 13. P. 2717–2728.
  222. Müller L., Fritzsche P., Weinert D. Novel object recognition of Djungarian hamsters depends on circadian time and rhythmic phenotype. Chronobiol. Int. 2015. V. 32. № 4. P. 458–467.
  223. Nakazawa K., Quirk M.C., Chitwood R.A., Watanabe M., Yeckel M.F., Sun L.D., Kato A., Carr C.A., Johnston D., Wilson M.A. Requirement for hippocampal CA3 NMDA receptors in associative memory recall. Science. 2002. V. 297. № 5579. P. 211–218.
  224. Namekawa I., Moenig N.R., Friedrich R.W. Rapid olfactory discrimination learning in adult zebrafish. Exp. Brain Res. 2018. V. 236. P. 2959–2969.
  225. Naor C., Dudai Y. Transient impairment of cholinergic function in the rat insular cortex disrupts the encoding of taste in conditioned taste aversion. Behav. Brain Res. 1996. V. 79. № 1–2. P. 61–67.
  226. Navarro-Sánchez M., Gil-Miravet I., Montero-Caballero D., Castillo-Gómez E., Gundlach A.L., Olucha-Bordonau F.E. Some key parameters in contextual fear conditioning and extinction in adult rats. Behav. Brain Res. 2024. V. 462. P. 114874.
  227. Netto C.A., Izquierdo I. On how passive is inhibitory avoidance. Behav. Neural Biol. 1985. V. 43. № 3. P. 327–330.
  228. Ney L.J., O’Donohue M., Wang Y., Richardson M., Vasarhelyi A., Lipp O.V. The next frontier: Moving human fear conditioning research online. Biol. Psychol. 2023. V. 184. P. 108715.
  229. Nicol C.J., Pope S.J. The effects of demonstrator social status and prior foraging success on social learning in laying hens. Anim. Behav. 1999. V. 57. № 1. P. 163–171.
  230. Nielsen S., Travaini A., Vassallo A.I., Procopio D., Zapata S.C. Conditioned taste aversion in the grey fox (Pseudalopex griseus), in Southern Argentine Patagonia.Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2015. V. 163. P. 167–174.
  231. Niesterok B., Martin S., Hildebrand L., Dehnhardt G., Hanke F.D. Well-developed spatial reversal learning abilities in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). Anim. Cogn. 2022. V. 25. № 5. P. 1195–1206.
  232. Nikitin V.P., Solntseva S. V, Kozyrev S.A., Nikitin P.V. Long-term memory consolidation or reconsolidation impairment induces amnesia with key characteristics that are similar to key learning characteristics. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2020. V. 108. P. 542–558.
  233. Noguer-Calabús I., Schäble S., Dören J., Kalenscher T. Oxytocin effects on socially transmitted food preferences are moderated by familiarity between rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2024. P. 1–12.
  234. O’Connell C., O’Malley A., Regan C.M. Transient, learning-induced ultrastructural change in spatially-clustered dentate granule cells of the adult rat hippocampus. Neuroscience. 1996. V. 76. № 1. P. 55–62.
  235. O’Hara M., Huber L., Gajdon G.K. The advantage of objects over images in discrimination and reversal learning by kea, Nestor notabilis. Anim. Behav. 2015. V. 101. P. 51–60.
  236. Ogata N., Kikusui T., Takeuchi Y., Mori Y. Objective measurement of fear-associated learning in dogs. J. Vet. Behav. 2006. V. 1. № 2. P. 55–61.
  237. Okujava V., Natishvili T., Mishkin M., Gurashvili T., Chipashvili S., Bagashvili T., Andronikashvili G., Kvernadze G. One-trial visual recognition in cats. Acta Neurobiol. Exp. (Wars). 2005. V. 65. № 2. P. 205–211.
  238. Oliveira A.M. M., Hawk J.D., Abel T., Havekes R. Post-training reversible inactivation of the hippocampus enhances novel object recognition memory. Learn. Mem. 2010. V. 17. № 3. P. 155–160.
  239. Paletta P., Aspesi D., Bass N., Choleris E. The Study of Social Cognition: Social Recognition and Social Learning in Laboratory Rats and Mice. Animal Models of Reproductive Behavior.: Springer. 2023. P. 1–31.
  240. Pare D., Collins D.R. Neuronal correlates of fear in the lateral amygdala: multiple extracellular recordings in conscious cats. J. Neurosci. 2000. V. 20. № 7. P. 2701–2710.
  241. Parma V., Ferraro S., Miller S.S., Åhs F., Lundström J.N. Enhancement of odor sensitivity following repeated odor and visual fear conditioning. Chem. Senses. 2015. V. 40. № 7. P. 497–506.
  242. Patel T.P., Gullotti D.M., Hernandez P., O’Brien W.T., Capehart B.P., Morrison B., Bass C., Eberwine J.E., Abel T., Meaney D.F. An open-source toolbox for automated phenotyping of mice in behavioral tasks. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2014. V. 8.
  243. Pavlov I.P. Conditioned reflexes: an investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex. 1927. P. 442.
  244. Paylor R., Tracy R., Wehner J., Rudy J.W. DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice differ in contextual fear but not auditory fear conditioning. Behav. Neurosci. 1994. V. 108. № 4. P. 810.
  245. Pezze M., Bast T. Dopaminergic modulation of hippocampus-dependent learning: blockade of hippocampal D1-class receptors during learning impairs 1-trial place memory at a 30-min retention delay. Neuropharmacology. 2012. V. 63. № 4. P. 710–718.
  246. Phillips R.G., LeDoux J.E. Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning. Behav. Neurosci. 1992. V. 106. № 2. P. 274–285.
  247. Pickens C.L., Holland P.C. Conditioning and cognition. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2004. V. 28. № 7. P. 651–661.
  248. Posadas-Andrews A., Roper T.J. Social transmission of food-preferences in adult rats. Anim. Behav. 1983. V. 31. № 1. P. 265–271.
  249. Postman L. Repetition and paired-associate learning. Am. J. Psychol. 1962. V. 75. № 3. P. 372–389.
  250. Postman L. One-trial learning. Conference on Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2nd, Jun, 1961, Ardsley-on-Hudson, NY, US.: McGraw-Hill Book Company. 1963.
  251. Provenza F.D. Ontogeny and social transmission of food selection in domesticated ruminants. Behav. Asp. Feed. 1994. V. 12. P. 147.
  252. Quevedo J., Vianna M.R. M., Roesler R., de-Paris F., Izquierdo I., Rose S.P. R. Two time windows of anisomycin-induced amnesia for inhibitory avoidance training in rats: protection from amnesia by pretraining but not pre-exposure to the task apparatus. Learn. Mem. 1999. V. 6. № 6. P. 600–607.
  253. Rabin B.M., Hunt W.A., Bakarich A.C., Chedester A.L., Lee J. Angiotensin II-induced taste aversion learning in cats and rats and the role of the area postrema. Physiol. Behav. 1986. V. 36. № 6. P. 1173–1178.
  254. Raffalli-Sebille M.-J., Chapouthier G., Venault P., Dodd R.H. Methyl β-carboline-3-carboxylate enhances performance in a multiple-trial learning task in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1990. V. 35. № 2. P. 281–284.
  255. Ramirez S., Tonegawa S., Liu X. Identification and optogenetic manipulation of memory engrams in the hippocampus. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2014. V. 7. P. 226.
  256. Ratcliffe J.M., Hofstede H.M. ter. Roosts as information centres: social learning of food preferences in bats. Biol. Lett. 2005. V. 1. № 1. P. 72–74.
  257. Raymond M.A., Chapman I.F., Staszko S.M., Fletcher M.L., Boughter Jr J.D. Neural coding in gustatory cortex reflects consumption decisions: Evidence from conditioned taste aversion. bioRxiv. 2024. P. 2002–2024.
  258. Rea J.J., Liu C.M., Hayes A.M. R., Bashaw A.G., Schwartz G.M., Ohan R., Décarie-Spain L., Kao A.E., Klug M.E., Phung K.J. Hippocampus oxytocin signaling promotes prosocial eating in rats. Biol. Psychiatry. 2024.
  259. Reis F.M. C. V, Mobbs D., Canteras N.S., Adhikari A. Orchestration of innate and conditioned defensive actions by the periaqueductal gray. Neuropharmacology. 2023. V. 228. P. 109458.
  260. Reis F.M. C. V, Novaes L.S., Santos N.B. Dos, Ferreira-Rosa K.C., Perfetto J.G., Baldo M.V. C., Munhoz C.D., Canteras N.S. Predator fear memory depends on glucocorticoid receptors and protein synthesis in the basolateral amygdala and ventral hippocampus. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022. V. 141. P. 105757.
  261. Reis F., Schenka A.A., Melo L.L., Ferrari E.A. M. Role of the hippocampus in contextual memory after classical aversive conditioning in pigeons (C. livia). Brazilian J. Med. Biol. Res. 1999. V. 32. P. 1127–1131.
  262. Rescorla R.A. A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. Curr. Res. theory. 1972. P. 64–99.
  263. Resstel L.B. M., Joca S.R. L., Guimaraes F.G., Corrêa F.M. de A. Involvement of medial prefrontal cortex neurons in behavioral and cardiovascular responses to contextual fear conditioning. Neuroscience. 2006. V. 143. № 2. P. 377–385.
  264. Restle F. Significance of all-or-none learning. Psychol. Bull. 1965. V. 64. № 5. P. 313.
  265. Richter A., Schumann N.P., Zwiener U. Characteristics of heart rate fluctuations and respiratory movements during orienting, passive avoidance and flight-fight behavior in rabbits. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 1990. V. 10. № 1. P. 75–83.
  266. Rinnert P., Kirschhock M.E., Nieder A. Neuronal correlates of spatial working memory in the endbrain of crows. Curr. Biol. 2019. V. 29. № 16. P. 2616–2624.
  267. Roberts W.W., Carey R.J. Effect of dorsomedial thalmic lesions on fear in cats.J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 1963. V. 56. № 6. P. 950.
  268. Rock I. The role of repetition in associative learning. Am. J. Psychol. 1957. V. 70. № 2. P. 186–193.
  269. Rock I., Steinfeld G. Methodological questions in the study of one-trial learning. Science. 1963. V. 140. № 3568. P. 822–824.
  270. Rodríguez M., Ceric F., Murgas P., Harland B., Torrealba F., Contreras M. Interoceptive insular cortex mediates both innate fear and contextual threat conditioning to predator odor. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2020. P. 283.
  271. Roediger III H. L., Arnold K.M. The one-trial learning controversy and its aftermath: Remembering. Am. J. Psychol. 2012. V. 125. № 2. P. 127.
  272. Rosa Salva O., Regolin L., Vallortigara G. Lateralised social learning in chicks. Behav. Lateralization Vertebr. Two Sides Same Coin. 2013. P. 71–86.
  273. Ross G., Holderied M.W. Learning and Memory in Bats: A Case Study on Object Discrimination in Flower-Visiting Bats BT – Bat Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation. R. A. Adams, S. C. Pedersen. New York, NY: Springer New York. 2013. P. 207–224.
  274. Rudy J.W., Huff N.C., Matus-Amat P. Understanding contextual fear conditioning: insights from a two-process model. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2004. V. 28. № 7. P. 675–685.
  275. Rush D.K., Mineka S., Suomi S.J. The effects of control and lack of control on active and passive avoidance in rhesus monkeys. Behav. Res. Ther. 1982. V. 20. № 2. P. 135–152.
  276. Rutishauser U., Mamelak A.N., Schuman E.M. Single-trial learning of novel stimuli by individual neurons of the human hippocampus-amygdala complex.Neuron. 2006. V. 49. № 6. P. 805–813.
  277. Sahley C., Gelperin A., Rudy J.W. One-trial associative learning modifies food odor preferences of a terrestrial mollusc. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1981. V. 78. № 1. P. 640–642.
  278. Sala-Bayo J., Fiddian L., Nilsson S.R. O., Hervig M.E., McKenzie C., Mareschi A., Boulos M., Zhukovsky P., Nicholson J., Dalley J.W. Dorsal and ventral striatal dopamine D1 and D2 receptors differentially modulate distinct phases of serial visual reversal learning. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020. V. 45. № 5. P. 736–744.
  279. Santos L.W., Canzian J., Resmim C.M., Fontana B.D., Rosemberg D.B. Contextual fear conditioning in zebrafish: Influence of different shock frequencies, context, and pharmacological modulation on behavior. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2024. V. 214. P. 107963.
  280. Santos T.B., Kramer‐Soares J.C., Oliveira M.G. M. Contextual fear conditioning with a time interval induces CREB phosphorylation in the dorsal hippocampus and amygdala nuclei that depend on prelimbic cortex activity.Hippocampus. 2023. V. 33. № 7. P. 872–879.
  281. Saunders J.C. Selective facilitation and inhibition of auditory and visual evoked responses during avoidance conditioning in cats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 1971. V. 76. № 1. P. 15.
  282. Schafe G.E., LeDoux J.E. Memory consolidation of auditory pavlovian fear conditioning requires protein synthesis and protein kinase A in the amygdala. J. Neurosci. 2000. V. 20. № 18. P. RC96–RC96.
  283. Schmidtke D., Ammersdörfer S., Joly M., Zimmermann E. First comparative approach to touchscreen-based visual object–location paired-associates learning in humans (Homo sapiens) and a nonhuman primate (Microcebus murinus). J. Comp. Psychol. 2018. V. 132. № 3. P. 315.
  284. Scholtyssek C., Kelber A., Hanke F.D., Dehnhardt G. A harbor seal can transfer the same/different concept to new stimulus dimensions. Anim. Cogn. 2013. V. 16. P. 915–925.
  285. Schusterman R.J. Transfer effects of successive discrimination-reversal training in chimpanzees. Science. 1962. № 3528. P. 422–423.
  286. Schusterman R.J. Serial discrimination‐reversal learning with and without errors by the california sea lion. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 1966. V. 9. № 5. P. 593–600.
  287. Sevelinges Y., Gervais R., Messaoudi B., Granjon L., Mouly A.-M. Olfactory fear conditioning induces field potential potentiation in rat olfactory cortex and amygdala. Learn. Mem. 2004. V. 11. № 6. P. 761–769.
  288. Shaw C., Aggleton J.P. The effects of fornix and medial prefrontal lesions on delayed non-matching-to-sample by rats. Behav. Brain Res. 1993. V. 54. № 1. P. 91–102.
  289. Sherwin C.M., Heyes C.M., Nicol C.J. Social learning influences the preferences of domestic hens for novel food. Anim. Behav. 2002. V. 63. № 5. P. 933–942.
  290. Shorland G., Genty E., Guéry J.-P., Zuberbuehler K. Social learning of arbitrary food preferences in bonobos. Behav. Processes. 2019. V. 167. P. 103912.
  291. Silkis I.G. On the Similarity of the Mechanisms of Processing Olfactory, Auditory, and Visual Information in the CNS: A Hypothesis. Neurochem. J. 2023. V. 17. № 1. P. 52–64.
  292. Simões P., Ott S.R., Niven J.E. Associative olfactory learning in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. J. Exp. Biol. 2011. V. 214. № 15. P. 2495–2503.
  293. Skinner B.F. Science and human behavior. Simon and Schuster, 1965.
  294. Smith C.A., Countryman R.A., Sahuque L.L., Colombo P.J. Time-courses of Fos expression in rat hippocampus and neocortex following acquisition and recall of a socially transmitted food preference. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2007. V. 88. № 1. P. 65–74.
  295. Solomon N.G., Yeager C.S., Beeler L.A. Social transmission and memory of food preferences in pine voles (Microtus pinetorum). J. Comp. Psychol. 2002. V. 116. № 1. P. 35.
  296. Somaweera R., Webb J.K., Brown G.P., Shine R. Hatchling Australian freshwater crocodiles rapidly learn to avoid toxic invasive cane toads. Behaviour. 2011. P. 501–517.
  297. Sparkes S., Grant V.L., Lett B.T. Role of conditioned taste aversion in the development of activity anorexia. Appetite. 2003. V. 41. № 2. P. 161–165.
  298. Spieker E.A., Astur R.S., West J.T., Griego J.A., Rowland L.M. Spatial memory deficits in a virtual reality eight-arm radial maze in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2012. V. 135. № 1–3. P. 84–89.
  299. Staib M., Abivardi A., Bach D.R. Primary auditory cortex representation of fear-conditioned musical sounds. Hum. Brain Mapp. 2020. V. 41. № 4. P. 882–891.
  300. Steele R.J., Morris R.G. M. Delay‐dependent impairment of a matching‐to‐place task with chronic and intrahippocampal infusion of the NMDA‐antagonist D‐AP5. Hippocampus. 1999. V. 9. № 2. P. 118–136.
  301. Sternthal D.E. Olfactory and visual cues in the feeding behavior of the leopard frog (Rana pipiens). Z. Tierpsychol. 1974. V. 34. № 3. P. 239–246.
  302. Steve R., Xu L., Pei-Ann L., Junghyup S., Michele P., L.R.R., J.R.T., Susumu T. Creating a False Memory in the Hippocampus. Science. 2013. V. 341. № 6144. P. 387–391.
  303. Suboski M.D., Bartashunas C. Mechanisms for social transmission of pecking preferences to neonatal chicks. J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Process. 1984. V. 10. № 2. P. 182.
  304. Sugai R., Azami S., Shiga H., Watanabe T., Sadamoto H., Kobayashi S., Hatakeyama D., Fujito Y., Lukowiak K., Ito E. One-trial conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea: good and poor performers in long-term memory acquisition. J. Exp. Biol. 2007. V. 210. № 7. P. 1225–1237.
  305. Sündermann D., Scheumann M., Zimmermann E. Olfactory predator recognition in predator-naïve gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus). J. Comp. Psychol. 2008. V. 122. № 2. P. 146.
  306. Symanski C.A., Bladon J.H., Kullberg E.T., Miller P., Jadhav S.P. Rhythmic coordination and ensemble dynamics in the hippocampal-prefrontal network during odor-place associative memory and decision making. Elife. 2022. V. 11. P. e79545.
  307. Takagi S., Tsuzuki M., Chijiiwa H., Arahori M., Watanabe A., Saito A., Fujita K. Use of incidentally encoded memory from a single experience in cats. Behav. Processes. 2017. V. 141. P. 267–272.
  308. Tanaka K.Z., Pevzner A., Hamidi A.B., Nakazawa Y., Graham J., Wiltgen B.J. Cortical representations are reinstated by the hippocampus during memory retrieval. Neuron. 2014. V. 84. № 2. P. 347–354.
  309. Tasaka G., Ide Y., Tsukada M., Aihara T. Multimodal cortico-cortical associations induced by fear and sensory conditioning in the guinea pig. Cogn. Neurodyn. 2022. P. 1–14.
  310. Terk M.P., Green L. Taste aversion learning in the bat, Carollia perspicillata.Behav. Neural Biol. 1980. V. 28. № 2. P. 236–242.
  311. Thiagarajan D., Eberl F., Veit D., Hansson B.S., Knaden M., Sachse S. Aversive bimodal associations differently impact visual and olfactory memory performance in Drosophila. Iscience. 2022. V. 25. № 12. P. 105485.
  312. Thiel A., Schlake S., Kosior D. Omnia tempus habent: habitat-specific differences in olfactory learning and decision making in parasitic wasps. Anim. Cogn. 2013. V. 16. P. 223–232.
  313. Thorndike E.L. The fundamentals of learning.1932.
  314. Tiunova A.A., Bezriadnov D.V., Komissarova N.V., Anokhin K.V. Recovery of impaired memory: expression of c-Fos and egr-1 transcription factors during restoration of damaged engram in the chick brain. Biochem. 2018. V. 83. № 9. P. 1117–1123.
  315. Tiunova A.A., Bezryadnov D.V., Gaeva D.R., Solodovnikov V.S., Anokhin K.V. Memory reacquisition deficit: chicks fail to relearn pharmacologically disrupted associative response. Behav. Brain Res. 2020. V. 390. P. 112695.
  316. Tiunova A.A., Komissarova N.V., Anokhin K.V. Mapping the Neural Substrates of Recent and Remote Visual Imprinting Memory in the Chick Brain. Front. Physiol. 2019. V. 10.
  317. Tiunova A.A., Komissarova N.V., Bezryadnov D.V., Anokhin K.V. Paradoxical effect of NMDA receptor blockade in chicks on learning and memory in passive avoidance model. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2016. V. 162. № 1. P. 1–3.
  318. Tiunova А.А., Bezryadnov D. V, Cherepov А.B. Role of NMDA Receptors and Protein Synthesis in the Conditioned Aversion Learning in Young Chicks. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2021. V. 171. № 3. P. 293–296.
  319. Tobajas J., Gómez‐Ramírez P., Ferreras P., García‐Fernández A.J., Mateo R. Conditioned food aversion in domestic dogs induced by thiram. Pest Manag. Sci. 2020. V. 76. № 2. P. 568–574.
  320. Tolman E.C. Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychol. Rev. 1948. V. 55. № 4. P. 189.
  321. Tong M.T., Peace S.T., Cleland T.A. Properties and mechanisms of olfactory learning and memory. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2014. V. 8. P. 238.
  322. Toropova K.A., Troshev D. V, Ivashkina O.I., Anokhin K.V. Activation of c-Fos Expression in the Retrosplenial Cortex but Not the Hippocampus Accompanies Formation of an Association between the Context and the Unconditioned Stimulus and Its Subsequent Retrieval in Mice. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 2020. V. 50. P. 81–91.
  323. Trebatická L., Ketola T., Haapakoski M., Opperbeck A., Ylönen H. Is fear a factor in voles? Short term physiological and behavioural response to predation stress.Open Ecol. J. 2010. V. 3. № 1.
  324. Tulving E. The effects of presentation and recall of material in free-recall learning. J. Verbal Learning Verbal Behav. 1967. V. 6. № 2. P. 175–184.
  325. Turatto M., Dissegna A., Chiandetti C. Context learning before birth: evidence from the chick embryo. Biol. Lett. 2019. V. 15. № 7. P. 20190104.
  326. Underwood B.J., Rehula R., Keppel G. Item-selection in paired-associate learning. Am. J. Psychol. 1962. V. 75. № 3. P. 353–371.
  327. Urien L., Stein N., Ryckman A., Bell L., Bauer E.P. Extended amygdala circuits are differentially activated by context fear conditioning in male and female rats.Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2021. V. 180. P. 107401.
  328. Vallortigara G., Zanforlin M. Place and object learning in chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus). J. Comp. Psychol. 1989. V. 103. № 2. P. 201.
  329. Valsecchi P., Choleris E., Moles A., Guo C., Mainardi M. Kinship and familiarity as factors affecting social transfer of food preferences in adult Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). J. Comp. Psychol. 1996. V. 110. № 3. P. 243.
  330. Vazquez K., Cole K.E., Parsons R.G. Sex and the facilitation of cued fear by prior contextual fear conditioning in rats. bioRxiv. 2024. P. 2005–2024.
  331. Vergara-Ovalle F., Ayala-Guerrero F., Rosas C., Sánchez-Castillo H. Novel object recognition in Octopus maya. Anim. Cogn. 2023. V. 26. № 3. P. 1065–1072.
  332. Vorob’eva N. S., Ivashkina O.I., Toropova K.A., Anokhin K.V. Long-term contextual memory in mice: persistence and associability with reinforcement.Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 2017. V. 47. P. 780–786.
  333. Waal E. Van de, Borgeaud C., Whiten A. Potent social learning and conformity shape a wild primate’s foraging decisions. Science. 2013. V. 340. № 6131. P. 483–485.
  334. Wallace K.J., Hofmann H.A. Equal performance but distinct behaviors: Astatotilapia burtoni sex differences in a novel object recognition task and spatial maze. bioRxiv. 2020. P. 2008–2020.
  335. Wallace K.J., Hofmann H.A. Equal performance but distinct behaviors: sex differences in a novel object recognition task and spatial maze in a highly social cichlid fish. Anim. Cogn. 2021. V. 24. № 5. P. 1057–1073.
  336. Wan L.C. S., Avital A., Wen-Biao G. Fear extinction reverses dendritic spine formation induced by fear conditioning in the mouse auditory cortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2018. V. 115. № 37. P. 9306–9311.
  337. Wang M.E., Fraize N.P., Yin L., Yuan R.K., Petsagourakis D., Wann E.G., Muzzio I.A. Differential roles of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus in predator odor contextual fear conditioning. Hippocampus. 2013. V. 23. № 6. P. 451–466.
  338. Wang W., Li W., Liu W., Wang Z., Xie B., Yang X., Tang Z. Exploring Multi-Tissue Alternative Splicing and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism Regulation in Obese-and Lean-Type Pigs. Genes (Basel). 2024. V. 15. № 2. P. 196.
  339. Ward-Fear G., Bruny M., Rangers the B., Forward C., Cooksey I., Shine R. Taste aversion training can educate free-ranging crocodiles against toxic invaders.Proc. R. Soc. B. 2024. V. 291. № 2028. P. 20232507.
  340. Ward‐Fear G., Thomas J., Webb J.K., Pearson D.J., Shine R. Eliciting conditioned taste aversion in lizards: live toxic prey are more effective than scent and taste cues alone. Integr. Zool. 2017. V. 12. № 2. P. 112–120.
  341. Wascher C.A. F., Allen K., Szipl G. Learning and motor inhibitory control in crows and domestic chickens. R. Soc. open Sci. 2021. V. 8. № 10. P. 210504.
  342. Waugh N.C., Norman D.A. Primary memory. Psychol. Rev. 1965. V. 72. № 2. P. 89.
  343. Webb J.K., Brown G.P., Child T., Greenlees M.J., Phillips B.L., Shine R. A native dasyurid predator (common planigale, Planigale maculata) rapidly learns to avoid a toxic invader. Austral Ecol. 2008. V. 33. № 7. P. 821–829.
  344. Wegman J.J. An Investigation of Novel Object Recognition Memory in a North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis). Rochester Institute of Technology. 2022.
  345. Weiglein A., Gerstner F., Mancini N., Schleyer M., Gerber B. One-trial learning in larval Drosophila. Learn. Mem. 2019. V. 26. № 4. P. 109–120.
  346. Weinberger N.M. The medial geniculate, not the amygdala, as the root of auditory fear conditioning. Hear. Res. 2011. V. 274. № 1–2. P. 61–74.
  347. Wiggins L.L., Frank R.A., Smith D.V. Generalization of learned taste aversions in rabbits: similarities among gustatory stimuli. Chem. Senses. 1989. V. 14. № 1. P. 103–119.
  348. Williams J.P. Supplementary report: A selection artifact in Rock’s study of the role of repetition. J. Exp. Psychol. 1961. V. 62. № 6. P. 627.
  349. Wogan M., Waters R.H. The role of repetition in learning. Am. J. Psychol. 1959.
  350. Wollen K.A. One-trial versus incremental-paired associate learning. J. Verbal Learning Verbal Behav. 1962. V. 1. № 1. P. 14–21.
  351. Wood E.R., Agster K.M., Eichenbaum H. One-trial odor-reward association: a form of event memory not dependent on hippocampal function. Behav. Neurosci. 2004. V. 118. № 3. P. 526.
  352. Wood J.N., Wood S.M. W. One-shot learning of view-invariant object representations in newborn chicks. Cognition. 2020. V. 199. P. 104192.
  353. Wrenn C.C. Social transmission of food preference in mice. Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 2004. V. 28. № 1. P. 5–8.
  354. Wright G.A., Mustard J.A., Kottcamp S.M., Smith B.H. Olfactory memory formation and the influence of reward pathway during appetitive learning by honey bees. J. Exp. Biol. 2007. V. 210. № 22. P. 4024–4033.
  355. Wu M.-S., Liao T.-W., Wu C.-Y., Hsieh T.-H., Kuo P.-C., Li Y.-C., Cheng K.-C., Chiang H.-C. Aversive conditioning information transmission in Drosophila. Cell Rep. 2023a. V. 42. № 10.
  356. Wu W., Ma M., Ibarra A.E., Lu G., Bakshi V.P., Li L. Global neuropeptidome profiling in response to predator stress in rat: Implications for post-traumatic stress disorder. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2023b. V. 34. № 8. P. 1549–1558.
  357. Xie X., Gong S., Sun N., Zhu J., Xu X., Xu Y., Li X., Du Z., Liu X., Zhang J. Contextual fear learning and extinction in the primary visual cortex of mice. Neurosci. Bull. 2023. V. 39. № 1. P. 29–40.
  358. Yartsev M.M., Ulanovsky N. Representation of three-dimensional space in the hippocampus of flying bats. Science. 2013. V. 340. № 6130. P. 367–372.
  359. Yerkes R.M. The mental life of monkeys and apes: a study of ideational behavior. New York, NY, US: H. Holt. 1916. 193 p.
  360. Yoerg S.I. Social feeding reverses learned flavor aversions in spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). J. Comp. Psychol. 1991. V. 105. № 2. P. 185.
  361. Yoshida Y., Fujishiro S., Kawai R., Kawabata F. Characterization of taste sensitivities to amino acids and sugars by conditioned taste aversion learning in chickens. Animal. 2024. V. 18. № 2. P. 101050.
  362. Yu Z., Sakai M., Fukushima H., Ono C., Kikuchi Y., Koyama R., Matsui K., Furuyashiki T., Kida S., Tomita H. Contextual fear conditioning regulates synapse-related gene transcription in mouse microglia. Brain Res. Bull. 2022. V. 189. P. 57–68.
  363. Yu Z., Sakai M., Fukushima H., Ono C., Kikuchi Y., Koyama R., Matsui K., Furuyashiki T., Kida S., Tomita H. Microarray dataset of gene transcription in mouse microglia and peripheral monocytes in contextual fear conditioning. Data Br. 2023. V. 46. P. 108862.
  364. Zamorina T.A., Ivashkina O.I., Toropova K.A., Anokhin K.V. Inhibition of Protein Synthesis Attenuates Formation of Traumatic Memory and Normalizes Fear-induced c-Fos Expression in a Mouse Model of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024. V. 25. № 12. P. 6544.
  365. Zanette L.Y., Hobbs E.C., Witterick L.E., MacDougall-Shackleton S.A., Clinchy M. Predator-induced fear causes PTSD-like changes in the brains and behaviour of wild animals. Sci. Rep. 2019. V. 9. № 1. P. 11474.
  366. Zhang K., Shen D., Huang S., Iqbal J., Huang G., Si J., Xue Y., Yang J.-L. The sexually divergent cFos activation map of fear extinction. Heliyon. 2024a. V. 10. № 1.
  367. Zhang R., Lao K., Lu B., Guo H., Cheng J., Chen P., Gou X. (m) RVD-hemopressin (α) and (m) VD-hemopressin (α) improve the memory-impairing effect of scopolamine in novel object and object location recognition tasks in mice. Peptides. 2021. V. 136. P. 170442.
  368. Zhang Z., Dong X., Liu Z., Liu N. Social status predicts physiological and behavioral responses to chronic stress in rhesus monkeys. iScience. 2024b. V. 27. № 6.
  369. Zinkivskay A., Nazir F., Smulders T.V. What–where–when memory in magpies (Pica pica). Anim. Cogn. 2009. V. 12. P. 119–125.
  370. Zoladz P. R., Park C. R., Fleshner M., Diamond D.M. Psychosocial predator-based animal model of PTSD produces physiological and behavioral sequelae and a traumatic memory four months following stress onset. Physiol. Behav. 2015. V. 147. P. 183–192.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. One-Trial Learning Tasks. (а) inhibitory avoidance; (б) taste aversion; (в) contextual fear conditioning; (г) auditory fear conditioning; (д) visual fear conditioning; (е) olfactory fear conditioning; (ж) “what-where” task; (з) olfactory appetitive conditioning; (и) social transmission of food preferences; (к) novel object recognition; (л) object place recognition; (м) Morris water maze delay‐dependent matching‐to‐place; (н) delayed non-matching-to-place; (о) consecutive visual discriminations; (п) conditioned predator fear.

Download (221KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2025 Russian Academy of Sciences