Vol 20, No 4 (2023)

Lecture

Telemedicine technologies and remote ECG monitoring. Reality and prospects. Functionalist perspective. Part 2

Prom A.K., Ivanenko V.V., Ilyukhin O.V.

Abstract

The second part of the review is devoted to remote methods of recording an electrocardiogram (ECG), with an emphasis on the modern options of this technology. The article reflects the methods of ECG registration, their technical difficulties and solutions. The review is intended for specialists in the field of functional diagnostics, presents the current state of the problem of remote ECG (DM EKG) monitoring and will be of interest to healthcare organizers in decision-making when purchasing equipment in medical institutions of the country.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):3-9
pages 3-9 views

Review Articles

Modern aspects of physiology of muscle contraction

Shkarin V.V., Perepelkin A.I., Chepuryaeva O.S.

Abstract

A lot of works have been devoted to the physiology of muscle contraction. Since ancient times, scientists have been studying the physiological processes, structure, organization and function of the human body. After all, only by studying in detail the structure and normal physiology of a person, it is possible to separate the norm from pathology, learn to diagnose various functional pathologies and ways to restore function. Much attention is paid to the physiology of muscle contraction, since human life itself, activity, motor function is associated with the work of muscles. In different periods of the development of medicine, approaches to the study and ideas about muscle contraction, the work of human muscles were different. In our opinion, it is very promising to study the problems and features of the physiology of muscle contraction.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):10-15
pages 10-15 views

The significance of an interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with metabolic syndrome

Starikova I.V., Patrusheva M.S., Chaplieva E.M., Piterskaya N.V.

Abstract

The mechanism of influence of metabolic syndrome on periodontal tissues is currently insufficiently studied, but it is known that this pathology has several biological effects that may be related to the pathogenesis of periodоntal diseases. According to a review of modern literature, the analysis of the causal relationship of periodontitis with somatic diseases is important in planning of periodontal treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases. Clinical features of dental diseases associated with somatic pathology significantly affect the quality of patient’s life. At the same time, periodontitis associated with chronic bacteremia and endotoxemia is an aggravating factor in patients with metabolic syndrome. An interdisciplinary, integrated approach to the treatment of dental pathology allows the doctor to avoid most complications during the treatment and achieve a long remission for both somatic and dental pathology.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):16-21
pages 16-21 views

Nervous system damage in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

Karpov S.M., Babenko D.V., Tambieva H.K., Klimenko A.I., Vyshlova I.A.

Abstract

This article presents modern ideas about the problem of damage to the nervous system in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. Breast cancer is the most common cancer of women worldwide. To date, chemotherapy is increasingly used in treatment regimens. However, many chemotherapeutic drugs are potentially neurotoxic, which increases the risks of acute and delayed side effects, including damage to both the central and peripheral nervous systems in the form of cognitive impairment and post-chemotherapeutic polyneuropathy, which significantly worsen the quality of life of patients. Due to the increased survival rate of patients, knowledge of the potential neurotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs and timely diagnosis of damage to the nervous system is of particular relevance.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):22-27
pages 22-27 views

Developmental and lesion models of schizophrenia in rodents

Kalitin K.Y., Spasov A.A., Mukha O.Y.

Abstract

Animal modeling of schizophrenia is essential for understanding the neurobiological basis of the disease, as well as for the development of new antipsychotic drugs with improved therapeutic efficacy and safety profile. The review aims at summarizing the methodology and practical aspects of schizophrenia modeling based on dysontogenetic disturbances of the central nervous system in rats and mice. Environmental factors or the destruction of brain structures during prenatal or postnatal periods of development cause reorganization of neural networks, leading to irreversible changes in the function of the central nervous system, which usually appear after puberty. Developmental and lesion models of schizophrenia are widely regarded as the most appropriate due to their ability to reproduce characteristic behavioral and cognitive impairments with a delayed onset of symptoms, which is consistent with the clinical presentation of schizophrenia in humans.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):28-36
pages 28-36 views

Original Researches

Analysis of the results of combined optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy technology in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma

Balalin A.S., Fokin V.P., Балалин S.V., Jashi B.G.

Abstract

Two groups of patients were included in the study: the control group (prospectively) was 65 patients (65 eyes) with POAG I–II st. before and after SLT, and the main group (prospectively) was 60 patients (60 eyes) with POAG I-II st. before and after optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy technology. Using OCT of the anterior segment of the eye the collector channel were localized relative to the Schlemm’s canal. After surgery, monitoring was performed after one day, one month, 3, 6, 12, 24 months. After optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy, a pronounced hypotensive effect was observed as early as the first day after surgery and was 30 %, whereas with SLT the maximum hypotensive effect was observed 1 month after surgery (21.5 %). After optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy, the hypotensive effect was maintained at 30.1 % and was 26.2 % of the initial level 2 years later. Combining optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy technology in comparison with SLT offers faster IOP reduction to individual values, a more pronounced and sustained hypotensive effect (30 %), and allows more precise surgery in the projection of collector tubules using permissible laser energy values.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):37-43
pages 37-43 views

Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of restorations in the cervical region of teeth by direct and indirect method

Derevyanchenko S.P., Makedonova Y.A., Klurfeld V.D., Enina Y.I., Sevbitov A.V., Kerobyan V.I.

Abstract

Restoration of cervical lesions of teeth is one of the most urgent problems of modern dentistry. Defects of the cervical region have different etiology, pathophysiology of the development of the defect formation process. The method of direct restoration of defects of various etiologies in the cervical region of the tooth is the most frequent method of restoration. According to many authors, this method is not always effective. One of the initial tasks in dentistry is to replace the lost tooth structure with a material whose composition and physical properties are similar to the natural tissues of the tooth. This goal can be achieved using CAD/CAM technology. The chemical stability of hybrid ceramics provides not only excellent biocompatibility, but also good physical, mechanical and optical properties.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):44-48
pages 44-48 views

Clinical possibilities of applying the method of photostatic biometrics of plaster models of jaws

Dmitrienko D.S., Shkarin V.V., Fomin I.V., Dmitrienko T.D.

Abstract

The development of modern methods of biometrics is an urgent task of clinical dentistry. Aim. To determine the clinical possibilities of applying the method of photostatic biometrics of plaster models of jaws.

Material and methods. A retrospective study was conducted on 46 pairs of plaster jaw models with physiological occlusion. Biometrics of jaw models from plaster was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The method of photostatic biometrics of jaw models is based on photographing models with a ruler for the convenience of subsequent scaling. The photo was marked with landmarks and reference lines in various directions.

Results. The depth of the dental arch, or molar sagittal of the upper arch, when measured on the models was (44.16 ± 1.14) mm, and in the photo – (47.31 ± 1.29) (p ˂ 0.05). On the lower jaw, the dimensions were (44.86 ± 1.05) mm and (40.46 ± 1.2) mm, respectively (p ˂ 0.05). The differences in the size of the arc depth are explained by the complexity of the biometrics of plaster models and the determination of the landmark (conditional transversal) using a conventional caliper and ruler. Rotation angles of the second molars averaged (15.01 ± 0.21) degrees on the upper jaw and (12.49 ± 0.18) degrees on the lower arch. The first upper molars were rotated at (19.96 ± 0.22) degrees, and the lower ones were slightly smaller (17.52 ± 0.16) degrees.

Conclusion. Thus, the method of photostatic biometrics of plaster models of jaws can be used as an additional study designed to assess the position of key teeth and interstitial point when superimposed on the model of various geometric shapes and the template of the individualized dental arch and allows you to determine the angles of rotation of the teeth.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):49-53
pages 49-53 views

Evaluation of the electromyographic study of masticatory muscles using kinesiotape in patients with bruxism

Vologina M.V., Kiba K.A.

Abstract

In this paper, an analysis of the electromyographic study of masticatory muscles before taping and after the use of kinesiotapes in patients with bruxism was carried out.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):54-57
pages 54-57 views

On the question of choosing the most valid methods for diagnostics of pulpal hyperemia

Myasoedova K.A., Firsova I.V., Popova A.N., Krainov S.V.

Abstract

The choice of the most optimal methods for the diagnosis and treatment of reversible forms of pulpitis is an urgent issue of modern practical endodontics. The dental pulp is unique in its histological structure, innervation and microcirculation. Reversible forms of pulpitis (including pulp hyperemia) are associated with a number of morphological and functional changes in the neurovascular bundle, which, at their early stages, are not fully detected during clinical examination, and require the inclusion of additional functional diagnostic methods, which include not only in the assessment of the nerve elements of the pulp (EOD), but also the study of the state of microcirculation (LDF), a change in which can become a predictor of the inflammatory response. In order to determine the most valid method for assessing the condition of the pulp in reversible forms of pulpitis, 43 young people with a diagnosis of K04.00 (pulp hyperemia) deep caries were examined and treated. Each patient was assessed carious and intact (symmetrical) teeth. At the same time, in addition to clinical diagnostic methods, EOD and LDF were used (M and σ were evaluated). Within two weeks, after the treatment, in 2 patients with the highest values of EOD (19 and 21 μA at the time of the initial examination) and LDF (M: 21.14 and 23.56 arb. units and σ: 0.82 and 0.85 conventional units) was diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis, which required a different treatment strategy. Therefore, when diagnosing reversible forms of pulpitis, it is necessary to be guided not only by the data of a clinical examination (which is undoubtedly the main and determining one), but also to assess the state of the vascular and nervous elements of the pulp, changes in which often anticipate the clinical manifestations of the pathology of the pulp of the tooth.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):58-63
pages 58-63 views

Dynamics of parameters of human cardiovascular and respiratory systems under the influence of speleoclimat

Semiletova V.A., Kardashov E.A.

Abstract

Speleotherapy uses the conditions of salt mines and caves to treat diseases of the skin and respiratory systems, to restore patients after illnesses, to maintain health, and stimulate the immune system. The purpose of this study is to study the dynamics of the parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of a person under the influence of speleoclimate. The study involved studens of 1–2 courses of the Voronezh State Medical University. N.N. Burdenko. Every day for 10 days of speleotherapy after the end of speleotherapy, blood pressure, pulse, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and lung capacity were measured. The analysis of the obtained data was carried out using Excel and StatPlus Pro programs. It was revealed that human adaptation to the speleoclimate occurs both due to the frequency and strength of the heart contraction. The dynamics of the parameters of the respiratory system under the influence of speleoclimate reflects the adaptation of the study participants to the speleoclimate mainly due to the depth of breathing, to a lesser extent – due to the frequency of breathing. Mobilization of adaptive resources and the state of tension of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during the development of the anxiety stage under the influence of speleoclimate is formed mainly due to intersystem mechanisms. Tension in the cardiovascular system persists after the 10th speleo procedure. It is shown that the speleoclimate has the ability to restore the vegetative status of a person. Differences in the dynamics of breathing parameters in girls and boys under the influence of speleoclimate were revealed.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):64-68
pages 64-68 views

Dynamics of intraocular pressure in patients with refractory glaucoma after transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in micropulse mode

Chuprov A.D., Fomenko A.V.

Abstract

A retrospective analysis of IOP values was carried out in 38 patients (38 eyes) with refractory glaucoma stage III–IV after transscleral micropulse cyclophotocoagulation (mCPC) using the Cyclo G6 IRIDEX device on the next day after the procedure, after 1 month, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery. The dynamics of IOP in the postoperative period largely depends on the initial values of the clinical parameter and does not depend on the patient’s age (p = 0.32), glaucoma stage (p = 0.46), history of antiglaucoma surgery (p = 0.34), the number of used drugs (p = 0.72). After mCPC, patients with lower baseline IOP values have a higher decrease in the indicator (-36 %) and a gradual increase by the follow-up period of 12–24 months compared with patients with high baseline IOP values.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):69-72
pages 69-72 views

Studying the pharmacological safety of the standardized cleared bischofit brine

Bugaeva L.I., Spasov A.A., Lebedeva S.A., Korzhova T.M., Getmanenko A.Y.

Abstract

In experiments on mature rats, the pharmacological safety of a purified form of a standardized brine of the mineral bischofite (SBB) was assessed with repeated intragastric administration for 90 days at a dose of 0.01 ml/kg (experimentally proven therapeutic dose). It has been established that the test substance does not have a damaging effect on the general condition of animals (body weight, coat and skin, behavior), hematological and biochemical blood parameters, electrophysiological work of the myocardium, liver and kidney function, does not contribute to changes in the morphostructure of internal organs and brain. In the action of SBB with repeated 90-day administration, the effects of gender differences in behavioral activity (increase in motor and emotional activity in males and decrease in such effects in females) were revealed, electrocardiogram (increased heart rate and amplitude of the "R" wave in males and no changes in females), biochemical parameters (increased glucose levels in males and no changes in females). These changes did not go beyond the physiological norm and completely leveled to the state of control during the 30-day withdrawal of SRP administration.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):73-77
pages 73-77 views

Neuroprotective action of hydroxybenzoic acid derivative with glycine (C40) in the middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats with chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency

Verkholyak D.V., Bakulin D.A., Brel A.K., Tyurenkov I.N.

Abstract

The neuroprotective effect of a novel conjugate of hydroxybenzoic acid with glycine (C40) was investigated in a model of ischemic stroke in rats with chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI). The study was conducted in two stages: first, CCCI was modeled by stenosing the common carotid arteries by 50 %, followed by a 60-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion (stroke) after 40 days. Compound C40 and the reference drug citicoline were administered for 10 days before stroke and for 3 days after. Further, neurological deficit (the Garcia and Combs & D’Alecy scales), sensorimotor functions (Open Field test, Adhesive Removal test, and Rotarod test), cognitive impairments (Novel Object Recognition and Morris Water Maze tests), cerebral blood flow level, and endothelial function were evaluated. Animals receiving the test substances demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in neurological deficit, less pronounced motor coordination and sensorimotor function impairments, as well as fewer short-term and long-term memory deficits compared to the negative control group. The observed decrease in neurological deficit in the experimental groups was accompanied by improved endothelial function and increased cerebral blood flow. The neuroprotective effect of the novel hydroxybenzoic acid derivative with glycine (C40) was comparable to that of reference drug citicoline.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):78-85
pages 78-85 views

The clinical case of the patient’s treatment with avascular necrosis of the femoral and tibiral condyles by the method of intraosseous injection of autological bone marrow aspirate concentrate

Kondrashenko V.V., Malanin D.A., Demeshchenko M.V., Perfilova V.N., Borisov A.V.

Abstract

According to statistics, from 5 to 17 % of endoprothesis is performed for avascular necrosis. This article demonstrates the use of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate as an orthobiological material in the treatment of developed stage 2 avascular necrosis while taking glucocorticosteroids for Covid-19 applying the example of a clinical case. The patient’s complaints, the results of laboratory and instrumental investigations, the technique for performing intraosseous injection are described. The functional state of the knee joint was assessed before treatment and after 3, 6 and 12 months. The case study testifies to the effectiveness of the use of an orthobiological preparation and explains the need for further study of the presented methodic.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):86-93
pages 86-93 views

Features of the influence of emotional state on the implementation of arbitrary purposeful bimanual movements

Tkachenko P.V., Kononenko N.S., Zatolokina M.A., Prasolova Y.A.

Abstract

The emotional state has a significant impact on the autonomic and somatic nervous systems, which give various manifestations. All external manifestations of emotions are strictly determined and begin to be realized when the cortical areas are activated. The leading role in the realization of the emotional state belongs to the frontal lobes of the cortex and the limbic system. The precentral sulcus is the cortical center of complex purposeful movements. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the emotional state on the implementation of the motor program of bimanual purposeful voluntary movement. The emotional state was determined using the K scale. Izard. The bimanual motor activity of the hands was measured using the method of supportmetry. As a result of the study, it was found that a negative emotional state leads to a decrease in the reaction rate of the reaction to an error, which may be caused by a change in the initial alignment between the motor cortex and the limbic system.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):94-98
pages 94-98 views

Reaction of the oral mucosa to damage and its regeneration during cytostatic therapy

Leontieva I.V., Pavlova T.V., Kulaeva V.V., Iseeva E.A., Zatolokina M.A., Kaplin A.N., Leontieva A.A.

Abstract

Objective: Experimental study of the damaging effect of cytostatics on the oral mucosa, disruption of the protective mechanisms of the mucous membrane, as well as assessment of the reversibility of these changes.

Materials and methods: Using histological, morphometric, and quantitative histochemical methods, the mucous membrane of the tongue was studied on 40 mature white outbred mice after intraperitoneal administration of the cytostatic cyclophosphamide (CP) at a dose of 400 mg/kg for 5 days (20 animals). Animals in the control group (20 mice) were injected with isotonic sodium chloride solution at the same frequency. The material was obtained 24 hours and 20 days after the last injection of the drug. The condition of the oral mucosa (OM) on the ventral surface of the tongue was assessed.

Results: Exposure to CP led to damage to all layers of the mucous membrane: the processes of proliferation and keratinization of the integumentary epithelium were disrupted, and synthetic processes in the epithelial cells of the small mixed salivary glands were disrupted. The number of granulocytes and mast cells decreased, and the relative volume of blood vessels in the connective tissue of the mucous membrane decreased. The changes were reversible.

Conclusions: Cytostatic therapy leads to damage to the oral mucosa and disruption of its supraepithelial, epithelial and subepithelial protective mechanisms. There is a high degree of regeneration of the mucous membranes after the withdrawal of the cytostatic drug.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):99-103
pages 99-103 views

Clinico-economic analysis of COVID-19 etiotropic pharmacotherapy

Petrov V.I., Ryazanova A.Y., Tokareva N.S.

Abstract

Nowadays it is possible to use several drugs of etiotropic therapy with different mechanisms of action and different costs for the treatment of COVID-19. Purpose was to study the costs of antiviral drugs in the infectious hospital of the Volgograd region and perform cost-minimization analyse of one course of antiviral therapy. Materials and methods. ABC analysis was carried out on the basis of reporting and accounting documentation for the issuance of drugs for 2020–2022. Ihe prices of the State Register of Maximum Selling Prices were used in cost-minimization analyse. Results. In 2020, 2021 and 2022 6; 2,7 and 10,6 % of the total costs for drugs, respectively, were spent on antiviral drugs. Among such drugs as favipiravir, molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and remdesivir, molnupiravir of some manufacturers had the lowest cost of 1 course of therapy, and remdesivir had the highest cost.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):104-108
pages 104-108 views

Pharmacogenetic predictors associated with reduced risk of secondary to enalapril cough

Sychev I.V., Denisenko N.P., Kachanova A.A., Lapshtaeva A.V., Abdullaev S.P., Goncharova L.N., Mirzaev K.B., Sychev D.A.

Abstract

Currently, the wide prevalence of the development of secondary to ACEIs cough (3.8 to 48 % based on different findings) is one of the core causes of the dramatic impairment of the patients’ quality of life, followed by drug discontinuation. The study had the purpose of revealing the pharmacogenetic predictors associated with the reduced risk of the dry cough AEs secondary to ACEIs, in particular enalapril. The study involved 217 patients with the diagnosis of "essential arterial hypertension", who took enalapril. The patients were assigned to 2 groups: Group 1 (study group): 104 patients without secondary to enalapril adverse drug reactions; and Group 2 (control group): 113 patients with secondary to enalapril cough. All the patients underwent pharmacogenetic testing. The analysis of the distribution of frequencies of the polymorphisms rs4149056 of gene SLCO1B1, rs4459610 of gene ACE, rs1799722 of gene BDKRB2, and rs62151109 of gene CLASP1 has revealed no differences between the group without adverse drug reactions and that with secondary to enalapril dry cough. The study has revealed a statistically significant association between the absence of adverse drug reactions and the presence of the genotype AG of gene SLCO1B1 rs2306283, genotype GG of gene ABO rs8176746 and rs495828.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):109-116
pages 109-116 views

Study of regulation and adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system of young people with different levels of physical activity

Muzhichenko M.V., Novikov D.S., Nadezhkina E.Y., Marinina M.G.

Abstract

The study of HRV of students indicates that regardless of the level of physical activity, young men had a more favorable type of regulation of the heart and high adaptive capabilities of the body. In students with a high level of physical activity, these differences are less pronounced.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):117-121
pages 117-121 views

Structural and functional features of donor blood hemoglobin in the presence of doxycycline and mexidol

Baeva E.S., Artyukhov E.S., Kurkina O.S.

Abstract

The effect of mexidol, doxycycline hydrochloride and sodium nitrite solutions on human oxyhemoglobin molecules was studied by spectrophotometry. It is shown that the presence of modifiers in the incubation medium in combination and separately contributes to their specific affinity to the hemoglobin molecule, which is reflected in the change in the ratio of ligand forms of hemoprotein. A tendency to decrease the level of methemoglobin formation in samples containing doxycycline and mexidol was revealed. Preliminary incubation of hemoglobin solutions with antibiotics studied helps to reduce the oxidative effect of sodium nitrite against hemoprotein molecules. The data obtained confirm the concept of the presence of non-antibacterial effects of doxycycline.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):122-126
pages 122-126 views

Synthesis of new heterocyclic derivatives (benzodioxane-2-yl)methanol and their effect on rat intraocular pressure

Ozerov A.A., Naumenko L.V., Taran A.S., Yakovlev D.S., Chebanko A.M., Pshenichnikova M.S., Shcherbakova N.M., Solodunova G.N., Merezhkina D.V., Spasov А.A.

Abstract

Objective: Synthesis of new compounds, melatonin isosters, and study of their ability to reduce intraocular pressure.

Materials and methods: Based on the previously made forecast and on the similarity with the selected compounds, the synthesis of new compounds was carried out – melatonin isosters having a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin cycle connected by a linker of various chemical structure with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic core. The structure of the synthesized compounds was proved by 1H- and 13C- NMR spectroscopy, purity and individuality – by chromatographic methods. Intraocular pressure in laboratory animals was measured using a contact veterinary tonometer Tonovet (Finland). Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT test on normal rat skin fibroblasts.

Results: Derivatives (benzodioxane-2-yl)methanol reduced the level of IOP in varying degrees of severity. The VMA-22-37 compound showed the greatest activity. With topical application of a 0.4% solution, the compound reduced the intraocular pressure of intact rats by 26.6%, while not affecting the control eye. This compound also has low cytotoxicity.

Conclusion: Derivatives (benzodioxane-2-yl)methanol is promising for the search for compounds capable of reducing increased intraocular pressure.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):127-135
pages 127-135 views

Correlation analysis of clinical and laboratory markers in COVID-19 and acute cerebrovascular accident

Vedenin Y.I., Shatalova O.V., Shatalov A.A., Oreshkin A.Y., Nazaruk A.S.

Abstract

Coagulopathies developing with COVID-19 are a serious problem. Increased fibrinogen levels, activation of coagulation, a direct damaging effect of the virus on the endothelium, and increased interaction of the platelet with the vascular endothelium play an important role in the development of thrombotic complications and the occurrence of acute cerebral circulatory disorders. Case histories of COVID-19 patients and those with secondary CHF were analysed. Among the biochemical blood parameters in COVID-19, an increased level of D-dimer, which reflects the severity of the course of coronavirus infection, as well as CRP and ferritin were revealed more frequently.

Results: Among biochemical blood parameters in COVID-19, an increase in D-dimer level, which reflects the severity of the course of coronavirus infection, as well as CRP and ferritin, is more frequently detected. In correlation analysis, a positive correlation was observed between the level of ferritin, CRP and stage of CT as well as between the level of D-dimer and the number of platelets

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):136-141
pages 136-141 views

Pharmacoepidemiology of arterial hypertension in adult population of Donetsk city with COVID-19

Nalotova O.S., Alesinsky M.M., Nalotov S.V., Serdyuk E.B., Nalotova E.N., Galaeva Y.Y.

Abstract

The article presents the “Questionnaire for visitors to pharmacies suffering from hypertension”, which made it possible to identify the antihypertensive pharmacotherapy received by patients, the history of COVID-19, as well as the level of blood pressure before and after COVID-19. The questionnaire survey showed that antihypertensive pharmacotherapy in patients with hypertension living in the city of Donetsk is not effective enough, and the transferred COVID-19 led to a deterioration in blood pressure control. Most patients did not take the necessary measures (visiting a doctor, following his recommendations for changing antihypertensive pharmacotherapy).

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):142-146
pages 142-146 views

Spatial distribution proteoglycans articular cartilage of femoral condyles and tibial plateau in experimental osteoarthritis in rats

Krylov P.A., Romanova I.M., Velikanova E.D., Zybinskaya P.A., Abdulova A.A., Zagrebin V.L., Novochadov V.V.

Abstract

Currently, worldwide research is being conducted on the development of new drugs for viscosupplementation therapy. However, there are a very few studies dedicated to the spatial distribution of proteoglycans in articular cartilage after the use of these drugs. Pulmonary surfactant proteins, which have lubricative functions similar to those of articular cartilage proteoglycans, are possible promising substances for viscosupplementation therapy. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a mixture of allogenic surfactant proteins (MASP) on the spatial distribution of proteoglycans and the expression of IL-1 in articular cartilage after their intra-articular injection. Morphological and immunohistochemical studies were conducted using antibodies to aggrecan and lubricin to assess the spatial distribution of proteoglycans, and antibodies to IL-1 were used to identify potential pro-inflammatory processes. Three weeks after intra-articular injection of MASP, the thickness of the articular cartilage and the relief of the joint surface did not change compared to intact rats. However, a decrease in the number of immunopositive chondrocytes to aggrecan in the intermediate zone of the articular cartilage and an increase in IL-1 were observed after MASP injection. The obtained data during the study can be used for further research on MASP in the conditions of experimental osteoarthritis.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):147-151
pages 147-151 views

Influence of kappa-agonist of opioid receptors compound RU-1205 on the generative function of male rats

Lifanova Y.V., Eliseeva N.V., Spasov A.A., Maltsev M.V., Lavrova E.B., Bugaeva L.I.

Abstract

The effect of a new kappa-opioid agonist benzimidazole derivative (compound RU-1205) on the generative function of outbred male rats was studied after oral administration for 2 months at doses of 5 mg/kg – experimentally proven therapeutic dose (TD) and 500 mg/kg (the highest dose is 100 TD). The absence of a damaging effect of the compound RU-1205 on the motivational sexual behavior of males and the processes of spermatogenesis was established.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):152-156
pages 152-156 views

Neural network modeling of the dependence of RAGE inhibitory activity of chemical compounds on the energy spectrum of multiple docing

Vasiliev P.M., Perfiliev M.A., Kochetkov A.N.

Abstract

Simple and multiple docking into the RAGE receptor of its known inhibitors have been carried out. For these compounds, the energies of simple docking into the specific binding site and the energy spectra of multiple docking throughout the entire volume of the RAGE receptor were calculated. A model of the dependence of the level of RAGE inhibitory activity of chemical compounds on the energy of their simple docking into the specific binding site has been constructed. A neural network model of the dependence of the level of RAGE inhibitory activity on the energy spectrum of multiple docking of chemical compounds has been formed. It is shown that the accuracy of the neural network model based on multiple docking significantly exceeds the accuracy of the model based on simple docking. The found model is used in the directed search for new compounds with RAGE inhibitory activity, which will become the basis for the creation of innovative drugs for the treatment of complications in diabetes mellitus.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):157-161
pages 157-161 views

Virtual craniometry using the skull anatomy program

Perepelkin A.I., Tumanova A.V., Perepelkina A.A.

Abstract

Craniometric studies were carried out on mature male skulls of the 2nd period using the original Skull anatomy program. Depending on the transverse-longitudinal index, all skulls were distributed into 3 forms: brachycrania, mesocrania and dolichocrania. With a transverse-longitudinal index of 74.9 or less, dolichocrania was determined, from 75.0 to 79.9 – mesocrania, with a cranial index of 80.0 or more – brachycrania. When measuring the transverse diameter of the skull, the lowest value of the dolichocranic skull shape was obtained, while in the brachiocranic and mesocranic skull shapes these values were higher by 5.9 % and 2.9 %, respectively (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences in longitudinal diameter were noted between the three skull shapes. The obtained craniometry results of the cerebral part of the skull show that the main parameters by which the shapes of the skulls differ in males of mature age of the second period are the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the skull and the length of its base.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):162-167
pages 162-167 views

Guide for General Practitioners

A clinical case of paraneoplastic urtivacy syndrome in acute myeloid leukemia

Molostvova A.F., Salimova L.M.

Abstract

The problem of differential diagnostic search in oncological diseases does not lose its relevance. Often the first manifestation of a tumor is nonspecific symptoms, the so-called paraneoplasia.

Aim: Identification of the pathogenetic relationship between the tumor process and paraneoplasia on the example of our own clinical observation. Material and methods. The article presents a clinical case of paraneoplastic urticaria that developed 3 months before the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia.

Results: The presented clinical case made it possible to study the features of the course of paraneoplastic syndromes on the example of paraneoplastic urticaria.

Conclusions: Knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms of development, the features of the course of paraneoplastic syndromes should help the clinician in the early diagnosis of cancer, and as a result, the timely initiation of etiological and pathogenetic treatment aimed at saving the patient’s life.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):168-171
pages 168-171 views

Fetal monitoring in labour: Best practice for diagnosis, monitoring and treatment (clinical recommendation)

Shklyar A.L., Sviridova N.I.

Abstract

Worldwide, the problem of adequate diagnosis of intrauterine fetus state is extremely relevant. Postponed hypoxia in labour remains the leading cause of stillbirth, neonatal mortality, as well as early and late neonatal and infant morbidity. Ongoing advances in clinical care, especially in diagnosis and management, require efforts to effectively translate these changes to the wide range of obstetric care providers. This article (guideline) covers methods for monitoring the wellbeing of the baby during labour. It includes risk assessment to determine the appropriate level of fetal monitoring, using clinical assessment in addition to fetal monitoring, and interpreting and acting on monitoring findings. This article is directed at multiple stakeholders, including healthcare providers, healthcare delivery organizations and providers and professional organizations.

Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2023;20(4):172-180
pages 172-180 views

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