REGIONAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE URAL RIVER BASIN

The results of the study of regional climate changes (surface layer temperature and precipitation) in the Ural River basin at the current level are presented. Conclusions about the transformation of the main parameters of the regional climate in the studied basin were obtained on the basis of standard methods of statistical data analysis, as well as calculation of integral climate anomaly indices. Statistically significant values of linear trend coefficients illustrate a steady increase in the average annual air temperature in the Ural River basin. The largest contribution to the growth of this parameter is made by the first three months of the calendar year (January–March) and the autumn months (October–November). The long-term course of precipitation values is characterized by the absence of unidirectional and statistically significant trends. An important macro-regional trend in the dynamics of the precipitation regime is an increase in the proportion of precipitation of the cold period. In conclusion, it is noted that the diversity of the physical and geographical conditions of the formation of the regional climate determines the spatial heterogeneity of the response to global and macro-regional changes.