Институт почвоведения и агрохимии СО РАН
In the paper two techniques of experimental studying of peat decomposition in three mire ecosystems of Bakchar complex (Western Siberia) are compared. The investigation was carried out in a raised bog, in a poor fen and in the transitional to the raised bog part of the poor fen. From each mire ecosystem a big monolith of peat was retrieved and litter bag experiment was designed. A half part of each monolith was dried, the dried up and the moist samples of peat were enclosed in synthetic litter bags, which were located in a peat deposit at 5-10 and 25-30 cm depth. The weight of dry peat samples were 2 or 4 g per litter bag. In order to estimate peat mass losses from moist samples, we leave 8 of them, dried and weighted. The weight of moist samples after drying were 2.46±0.03, 1.51±0.01 and 2.68±0.04 g in the raised bog, transitional part of the poor fen and the poor fen, respectively. The samples were collected several times during 1.5 year in 5-8 replicates, separated into peat and root fractions, dried up and weighted. Peat mass losses from dried up samples were higher than from non-dried ones in 5 cases from 6. Reliability of a difference in the obtained estimates has been revealed almost in all cases in first three months of incubation, and in one year the difference is not become authentic. Pattern of peat mass dynamics during a year was similar for dried up and non-dried samples, especially in the raised bog and in the upper layer of the poor fen in which the correlation coefficient was 0.97-0.99. The factor analysis has shown essential influence of the place of peat incubation on peat mass losses (i.e. mire ecosystem and/or peat type) and it has not revealed the influence of using technique. Mass of roots penetrated in samples was higher in samples with non-dried peat. Thus, both methods showed comparable estimates, some overestimate of peat mass loss may be obtained using dried up samples. Absence of physical decomposition of peat moss material that usually take place during drying and low value of standard error allow to use non-dried peat for the litter bag experiment of peat decomposition.
В статье сравниваются две методики экспериментального изучения разложения торфа в трех болотных экосистемах Бакчарского болотного массива (Западная Сибирь). Образцы торфа закладывались в синтетические мешочки в высушенном и влажном состоянии и помещались в торфяную залежь на глубину 5-10 и 25-30 см. Потери массы из сухих образцов в 5 случаях из 6 были больше, чем из влажных. Достоверность разницы в полученных результатах была выявлена во всех случаях в первые три месяца проведения эксперимента, а через год разница в большинстве случаев стала не достоверна. Динамика изменения массы торфа была сходна для образцов, заложенных в сухом и влажном состоянии, особенно в ряме и в верхнем слое топи, где коэффициент корреляции составил 0,97-0,99. Дисперсионный анализ показал существенное влияние места закладки на потери массы торфа, но не использованной методики.