Vol 8, No 1 (2017)

Cover Page

Articles

Linear growth and production of Sphagnum mosses in the middle taiga zone of West Siberia

Kosykh N.P., Koronatova N.G., Lapshina E.D., Filippova N.V., Vishnyakova E.K., Stepanova V.A.

Abstract

The data of linear increase of three Sphagnum species in the middle taiga of Western Siberia are presented for the period of the last 3 years. Linear increments of hummock species S. fuscum and S. magellanicum have similar dynamics, both for years and for study sites, and depend on the annual and summer precipitation. The average growth rate of S. fuscum and S. magellanicum ranged from 0.05 to 0.25 mm/day depending on a year and a study site. Linear increment of hollow species S. balticum is 30% higher than the linear growth of hummock species and has 2 peaks: in spring and in summer. The S. balticum growth rate reaches maximum in summer (0.55 mm per day) having an average rate of 0.23 mm per day. Primary production of S. fuscum is higher than that of S. magellanicum and varies for both species from year to year and between study sites. Production of S. magellanicum is highest in the west of the middle taiga decreasing gradually to the east.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2017;8(1):3-13
pages 3-13 views

The diversity of larger fungi in the vicinities of Khanty-Mansiysk (middle taiga of West Siberia)

Filippova N.V., Bulyonkova T.M.

Abstract

This publication initiates an analysis of data obtained in mycocoenological survey in major forest types in the vicinities of Khanty-Mansiysk, Shapsha village (middle taiga zone of West Siberia). Ten permanent monitoring plots were set in the beginning of the summer of 2015 in different coniferous forest types and their after-cut deciduous derivatives. The total area of plot observation was 1000 m2, supplemented by walking routes in adjacent areas to reveal additional rare species. Each plot and route was examined 6 times per season (May through September).

The analysis of the species composition of the studied area follows. We identified 460 species from 6 classes, 14 orders, 56 families and 130 genera. The species number of the locality in Shapsha was larger compared to published earlier in the vicinities of Khanty-Mansiysk (in Mukhrino) (460 vs. 324 species), these locations also substantially differed in their species composition (about 1/2 species of each list is unique). The survey yielded new finds to the compiled list of Khanty-Mansi autonomous okrug: 224 species from the list are reported for the first time for the area. Eight species from our list are in the Red List of KhMAO. These species are important for conservation programs and their recorded populations should be under special attention in future studies.

The taxonomic structure of the final list is summarized in the Table and the full database of the collection metadata is available as an electronic attachment.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2017;8(1):13-24
pages 13-24 views

New records to the fungal biodiversity list of the Yuganskiy Nature Reserve (Western Siberia)

Zvyagina E.A., Baykalova A.S.

Abstract

We present an annotated list of species of fungi which were found in the southern part of the Surgutskiy district (Western Siberia). Specimens were collected in 1996-2015 within the territory bounded by the rivers Bolshoy Yugan, Maliy Yugan and Antl’tur’yakh. The central part of this territory is the protected area of the Yuganskiy Nature Reserve (648656 ga). Vegetation of this territory consists of primary mixed dark taiga and secondary pine, aspen and birch forests. Various combinations of Picea obovata, Abies sibirica, Pinus sibirica, Pinus silvestris, Populus tremula, Betula pendula form a tree layer. Feather mosses, low shrubs and forb cover the ground. One third of the area is bogged. We provide collection records for 304 specimens. Each record provides information about location of the specimen, community types, substrate, abundance and collections number. The English version of the list is available as an .xls file in the Electonic Appendix. The collection is stored in the Yuganskiy Nature Reserve (268 specimens) and LE (36 specimens). The list contains 216 species from the five groups (heterobasidiomycetous, polyporoid, agaricoid, clavarioid basidiomycetes, and discomycetes) and 44 families (Agaricaceae (1), Auriscalpiaceae (1), Bankeraceae (5), Boletaceae (1), Cortinariaceae (4), Cyphellaceae (1), Discinaceae (1), Elaphomycetaceae (1), Entolomataceae (5), Gomphidiaceae (4), Helotiaceae (1), Helvellaceae (3), Hyaloscyphaceae (1), Hydnangiaceae (1), Hygrophoraceae (17), Hymenogastraceae (6), Hypocreaceae (1), Inocybaceae (7), Lachnaceae (1), Lyophyllaceae (3), Marasmiaceae (2), Mycenaceae (14), Omphalotaceae (9), Ophiocordycipitaceae (1), Pezizaceae (2), Physalacriaceae (2), Pleurotaceae (1), Pluteaceae (3), Polyporaceae (2), Psathyrellaceae (4), Pyronemataceae (10), Repetobasidiaceae (2), Rhizinaceae(1), Russulaceae (41), Sarcoscyphaceae (1), Sarcosomataceae (2), Sclerotiniaceae (1), Strophariaceae (14), Suillaceae (4), Thelephoraceae (1), Tremellaceae (1), Tricholomataceae (26), Tubariaceae (2), Incertae sedis (5)). 79 taxa are new records for Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous okrug – Ugra. Findings of redlisted fungi Arrhenia peltigerina, Chrysomphalina chrysophylla, Entoloma fuscomarginatum are reported.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2017;8(1):25-42
pages 25-42 views

Gas exchange of carbon dioxide from the surface of Sphagnum in boggy pine forests in southern taiga

Molchanov A.G.

Abstract

We studied the dependence of the gas exchange of carbon dioxide with sphagnum surface from solar radiation and air temperature at different levels water table (LWT). The studies were conducted in the swampy pine forest of the southern taiga in the Yaroslavl region at the station of Forest Institute "Gorodisce". It was found that the nature of carbon dioxide gas exchange of sphagnum and its dependence on other external factors varies with different levels water table. When LWT at a depth of 4-21cm sphagnum absorbs carbon dioxide. The dependence of the absorption of solar radiation is logarithmic. When LWT equal 21cm in exchange for absorption of carbon dioxide is take place emission, keeping the same form of the process, depending on solar radiation. Emission of carbon dioxide at LWT 30 cm ceases to depend on solar radiation. Its intensity decreases as the further reduction LWT. The air temperature increase at a shallow water table (up to 21 cm) leads to a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. When LWT below 33 cm increase in temperature increases the release of carbon dioxide, while LWT 45 cm effect of temperature on gas exchange effect is much less.

Thus, the decline LWT below 20 cm leads to a change in the absorption of carbon dioxide of the sphagnum surface on carbon dioxide emissions and a significant reduction in influence as solar radiation and air temperature.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2017;8(1):43-54
pages 43-54 views

Reply to A.V. Smagin: IV. Surface diffusion or random noise?

Glagolev M.V., Sabrekov A.F., Terentieva I.E.

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze experimental estimate of surface diffusion coefficient of gas in soil conducted by prof. A.V. Smagin. The experiment consisted of methane diffusion coefficient determination under different soil saturation conditions. Regression analysis was made basing on obtained dataset to determine third-power polynomial coefficients, where soil air-filled porosity is a single independent variable and methane diffusion coefficient is a single dependent variable. Free term of the polynomial was suggested to be diffusion coefficient of gas in water-saturated soil. After the regression free term was found to be several times higher than methane diffusion coefficient in water. Based on this fact A.V. Smagin made a suggestion that surface diffusion had significant impact on methane diffusive transport in soil. In this paper, we estimate the error of this approach. It was revealed that based on original experimental data of A.V. Smagin, free term of third-power polynomial was statistically insignificant (p=0.05). Moreover, its error was order of magnitude higher than its absolute value. After its exclusion from the regression polynomial, the rest of coefficients stayed statistically significant. Furthermore, statistical modelling was used to estimate the influence of measurement uncertainty of methane diffusion coefficient in soil on regression between diffusion coefficient and soil air-filled porosity. Results of statistical modelling indicated that even basing on typical error of diffusion coefficient measurements (about 10%), the error of cubical polynomial free term calculation reached more than 100%. Therefore, it can be concluded that since the regression uncertainty is considerably higher than the absolute value of diffusion coefficient, we can't make any speculations about surface diffusion because statistically it doesn't differ from zero. Besides that, in this paper we consider questions of gas transport in soil, e.g. the inclusion of porosity in mass balance equations and importance of sorption on different timescales. Finally, we discuss several problems of scientific ethics.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2017;8(1):55-65
pages 55-65 views

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