Vol 9, No 1 (2018)

Experimental works

A contribution to the moss and hepatic flora of Nature Park “Numto” (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District, Western Siberia)

Elena L.D., Filippov I.V., Verevkina E.L.

Abstract

During the geobotanical survey of the vegetation of the southern part of the Nature Park "Numto", located within the subzone of the northern taiga in the center of the West Siberian Plain, 140 species of bryophytes, including 87 species of mosses and 53 species of liverworts, of which 24 species of mosses and all liverworts are new to the territory of the Nature Park. Two species of sphagnum mosses – Sphagnum inexpectatum and S. mirum – are the most important finds for the Western Siberia. Sphagnum inexpectatum is listed for the first time for the territory of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District. The information on ecology and phytocenotic confinement of 18 species of mosses, known earlier in the Nature Park from one point or on a few and single finds, is supplemented. An annotated list of all identified species of bryophytes is given.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2018;9(1):3-21
pages 3-21 views

Climate of the reserve «Malaya Sosva»: long-term material

Talanova G.I.

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of meteorological long-term material on the territory of the reserve “Malaya Sosva” (Sosvinsky Priobie). The climate of the reserve is typically continental. Long winter, short summer, late spring and early autumn frosts are characteristic of reserve. There are also sharp fluctuations in temperature throughout the year. The frost-free period in the air lasts 78 days. Annual precipitation is 544 mm. The snow cover is an average of 194 days (more than 6 months). Since 1981, there has been an increase in the average annual air temperature from decade to decade by approximately 0.5 ° C.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2018;9(1):22-45
pages 22-45 views

Biotopical distribution of sable in state nature reserve «Yuganskiy» area

Pereyaslovets V.M.

Abstract

The population dynamics and biotope distribution of the sable (Martes zibellina) in the Yuganskiy nature reserve have been a subject of continuous study since 1988. Data for analysis is obtained from annual route census surveys performed in February and March. There are four major types of sable habitats: dark conifer taiga (primarily formed by Pinus sibirica, Abies sibirica and Picea obovata), light conifer taiga (forest stands dominated by Pinus sylvestris), deciduous taiga (secondary forests dominated by Betula and Populus, with conifers in the undergrowth) and raised bogs (poorly drained treeless or treed spaces covered by Sphagnum and dwarf forms of Pinus sylvestris). 
Based on the material collected in 1988-2015 using the calculated biotope preference coefficient we defined the degree of attractiveness of different biotope types. In the area of the Yuganskiy nature reserve, forested biotopes are optimal for the sable. They represent its intrinsically typical biotopes where population density is defined by a complex of characteristic food and shelter conditions, as well as a variety of intrapopulational factors. Among the different types of forested habitats of the sable, the highest and most stable population values are typical for dark conifer taiga, which makes it a key biotope for the survival of the species’ population. This habitat type is also characterized by the maximum values of the biotope preference coefficient, which indicates the apparent preference of the sable among other mentioned biotope types. Light conifer and deciduous taiga are less valuable; however, they also provide sufficient conditions to ensure the stability of the sable population. In the Yuganskiy nature reserve, these two habitat types are equally attractive for sable populations, as shown by the virtually equal values of the preference coefficient and a similar type of its value dynamics. Bog biotopes are pessimal for the sable due to the scarcity of the ecological resources required by this species. They are characterized by the lowest population densities of the sable and the greatest population fluctuations from year to year. The biotope preference coefficient is often near zero, which also indicates the low attractiveness of these habitats.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2018;9(1):46-52
pages 46-52 views

Vegetation and productivity of mire ecosystems in the reserve «Yuganskiy»

Kosykh N.P., Koronatova N.G., Stepanova V.A.

Abstract

Over the last four years, biogeocenological studies have been carried out on the territory of the Yuganskiy reserve, that is located in the middle taiga - the most boggy subzone of the taiga of Western Siberia. The vegetation productivity of the main oligotrophic and mesotrophic mire ecosystems of the reserve, which occupy 30-35% of the territory, is estimated. Phytomass stocks vary from 1200 to 3820 g / m2 and constitute from 7 to 36% of the total stocks of plant matter. Pine stand increases phytomass stocks by 60% on the ryam, by 40% on the ridge, by 10% on hummocks of a pool complexes. Production in the ecosystems of ridges and ryams vary from 700 to 1000 g / m2 per year, in hollows - from 650 to 1700 g / m2 per year, the most productive were more waterlogged ecosystems of pool complexes and mesotrophic open bogs.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2018;9(1):53-61
pages 53-61 views

Rare species of freshwater mollusks of the Bolshoy Yugan River basin (Middle Ob) in collection of 2016

Babushkin E.S.

Abstract

Information about rare species used for decide widely spectrum of problems. In practice ‒ for estimating environmental impact from human activities. For example by studying biodiversity in fundamental science. This information very important for monitoring and prevention of species extinction. Regional and Federal Red Books serve this aim. However freshwater mollusks species of the Bolshoy Yugan river basin not presented in the Federal Red Book of Russian Federation. In addition, in the Regional Red Books of Khanty-Mansi autonomous region and Tyumen region data about mollusks are absence. This paper the first step to fill in the gap. Article contains the first data about rare species of freshwater mollusks of the Bolshoy Yugan River basin collected during the field season of 2016. In future, these species possibly will be propose to inclusion in the Red Book of Khanty-Mansi autonomous region. I followed the standard techniques of mollusks sampling, fixation and laboratory treatment. In this research I call species rare if species occurrence was 5,0% and lower. I used contemporary macrosystems of mollusks in the level above family groups of both Bivalves and Gastropods. In addition, on the level under family groups and lower I used alternative approach, which consist of combination of two different taxonomic systems: “traditional” European and Ya.I. Starobogatov’s scientific school or “Russian”. The collection of mollusks is kept in the Federal Zapovednik (Nature Reserve) “Yuganskiy”, which was the material base of my study. In the article discussed aspects of rareness and difficulty of investigates freshwater mollusks. These difficulties connected with existence of different taxonomical approaches and underexplored mollusk's fauna and ecology. Studies of rare species in the Western Siberia are briefly considered. The results of own research and annotated list of rare mollusks species of Bolshoy Yugan River basin collected during the field season of 2016 are presented. Showed that significant part of species richness in the Bolshoy Yugan River basin consist of rare species. These results do not change independent of applied taxonomical approaches “traditional” or “Russian” and discussed with facts in malacologycal literature. There are 50 species of freshwater mollusks were find in 2016, 41 of them are rare in the Bolshoy Yugan River basin. In conclusion marked need for further research of freshwater mollusks. In addition denoted some important priorities of studies, such as systematics, fauna, zoogeography and ecology of mollusks. The question about inclusion in the Red Book of Khanty-Mansi autonomous region some any species of freshwater mollusks are still opened. Because needed additional facts about distribution and abundance species from others parts of region.
Partial financial support for this study was obtained from the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation (project 6.1352.2017/ПЧ).

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2018;9(1):62-71
pages 62-71 views

Rare plants and plant communities of rich fens of “Malaya Sosva” Nature Reserve (Western Siberia)

Lapshina E.D., Ganasevich G.N., Vasina A.L.

Abstract

A geobotanical survey of rich fens on the left-bank terraces of the Em-Egan River, the right tributary of the Malaya Sosva River in the southern part of the nature reserve “Malaya Sosva” (61.79° - 62.05° N, 64.06° - 64.55° E). 179 species have been identified, including 84 species of higher vascular plants, 69 species of mosses and 26 types of liverworts. Of these, 11 species are included in the Red Data Book of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District, including 9 species of higher vascular plants and 2 species of mosses: Baeothryon alpinum, Cardamine nymanii, Dactylorhiza traunsteineri, D. incarnata, Hammarbya paludosa, Huperzia selago, Saxifraga hirculus, Thelypteris palustris, Triglochin palustre, Meesia triquetra, Paludella squarrosa. Three more species – Corallorrhiza trifida, Calliergon richardsonii, Meesia uliginosa are included in the list of species whose condition in the natural environment requires special attention. In addition, such rare species as Eriophorum brachyantherum, Stellaria crassifolia, Bistorta major, rare species of mosses such as Bryum bimum, Calliergonella cuspidata, Campylium pretense, Hamatocaulis vernicosus, Scorpidium cossonii, Tomentypnum nitens are listed in the mire plant communities.

On the basis of the ecological-floral approach of the J. Brown-Blanke school, 8 associations, 6 subassociations and 3 communities from 5 unions, 3 orders and 3 classes of vegetation were allocated in the vegetation cover of rich fens. The belonging of one more vegetation community type of the Bistorta major–Sphagnum fuscum dwarf birch community with the sparse fir (Picea obovata) to the class and the order is not established. The highest phytocenotic diversity and the highest concentration of rare and protected species are found in communities of the order Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypneetalia. Phytocenotic association and frequency of occurrence of rare species in different types of plant communities are established.

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change. 2018;9(1):72-92
pages 72-92 views

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