Ecological and hygienic assessment of the influence of thawed and rainwater runoff on surface water pollution

The increasing pollution of the environment is one of the most important causes of modern environmental problems. In Russia, a number of regions are forming where a high concentration of population, industrial and agricultural production has led to a sharp deterioration in the environmental situation since the resistance of natural complexes to anthropogenic impact is either exhausted or close to this state. Anthropogenic loads in these regions exceed permissible values, creating a situation in which poorly compensated and irreversible changes in landscapes occur, the threat of depletion or loss of water resources is growing. Pollution of surface and groundwater, the increase of water deficit in terms of quantitative and qualitative indices, the formation of zones of a stressful ecological situation determine the need for the formation of new approaches to solving water use problems. Anthropogenic loads in these regions exceed permissible values, creating a situation in which poorly compensated and irreversible changes in landscapes occur, the threat of depletion or loss of water resources is growing. Pollution of surface and groundwater, the increase of water deficit in terms of quantitative and qualitative indices, the formation of zones of a stressful ecological situation determine the need for the formation of new approaches to solving water use problems. Anthropogenic impact on surface and groundwater occurs as a result of natural or artificial processes and leads to a deterioration of the functions of the aquatic environment with respect to any biological or technological object. In this paper, an environmental assessment of the chemical composition of thawed and rainwater from the residential areas of Voronezh is presented. By the degree of pollution, the surface runoff can be located in the next descending series: autumn runoff – melt flow – spring runoff. Chemical analysis of priority pollutants in surface runoff samples was carried out using the following analytical methods: colorimetric; titrimetric; calculated; potentiometric; weight; fluorometric.