Polymorphism of genes of the cytokine system in pathogenesis of the vibration disease among workers of mining and processing enterprises

Introduction. Vibration disease (VD) is an occupational disease that develops with prolonged exposure to industrial vibration of different frequencies. VD is one of the most common occupational pathologies. This disease is characterized by the complexity of pathogenetic mechanisms, polymorphism of symptoms, chronic course, therapeutic resistance, and often leads to inability to work and disability in patients. As a rule, VD is observed to be associated with changes in the cardiovascular, nervous, and musculoskeletal system and metabolic processes.

Materials and Methods. During the study, seventy three people with various forms of VD were examined. The control group consisted of 73 people who never exposed to vibration in their occupational activities.

Results. The distribution of polymorphic loci rs16944, rs361525, rs1800795 was studied. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistica v.21 and Microsoft Excel software packages. rs16944 is not associated with the development of VD, but is associated with the development of cerebrovascular disease in VD patients. rs1800795 of the IL6 gene also did not show an association with the development of VD, but an association of the *C/*C genotype and the *C allele with peripheral angiodystonic syndrome was demonstrated. The rs361525 locus of the TNFA gene also showed an association with peripheral angiodystonic syndrome and is also associated with the development of hypertension in VD patients.

The limitations of this work include the small sample size and the fact that the study participants from the control sample work at another enterprise, which does not allow both excluding the influence of other environmental factors and considering them as a reference population.

Conclusion. Thus, we were unable to identify a direct association of the studied genotypes with VD, but the association with peripheral angiodystonic syndrome suggests that these polymorphisms to influence on the pathogenesis of VD.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the bioethics commission of the Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology (extract from the minutes of the meeting No. 01-02 dated February 8, 2024). All participants signed voluntary informed consent to participate in the study.

Contributions:
Karimov D.D. — conducting tests, data processing, statistical processing, text writing;
Shaykhlislamova E.R. — research concept, material collection, data processing, text editing;
Muhammadieva G.F. — data processing, statistical processing, text editing;
Karimov D.O. — research concept, statistical processing, text editing;
Baygildin S.S. – material collection, conducting tests, text editing;
Gizatullina A.A. – material collection, conducting tests, text editing.
All co-authors – approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: December 3, 2023 / Revised: March 17, 2024 / Accepted: October 02, 2024 / Published: January 31, 2025