Evoked synchronization of theta EEG rhythm during preparation of memory-guided saccades and antisaccaded in normals and in patients with clinically high risk for schizophrenia

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Abstract

One of the informative and widely used approaches to understanding the pathogenetic (including neurobiological) mechanisms of schizophrenia is the study of patients with clinically high risk (CHR) for the disease. The power and topography of the theta rhythm event-related synchronization (ERS) related to peripheral stimulus that must be remembered (memory-guided saccades/antisaccades paradigm) have been studied in the groups of 20 mentally healthy subjects and 20 patients with CHR. The analysis was carried out according to the Pfurtscheller method. Based on the saccades latency value and the error numbers, the task performance was decreased in patients with CHR compared to healthy subjects. Intergroup differences by theta rhythm ERS magnitude and topography were found for three consecutive delay period intervals (900 ms each) before saccades to the right and antisaccades to the left. The findings are considered as being the reflection of violations of the spatial attention and working memory maintaining in CHR patients that has a certain interhemispheric asymmetry. It has been suggested an activation of the compensatory processes and the cognitive control reorganization of the fronto-parietal networks with predominantly right hemisphere preservation at the early stage of schizophrenia development.

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About the authors

A. V. Pavlov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: alexandersun121@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

M. V. Slavutskaya

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Mental Health Research Center

Email: alexandersun121@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

M. A. Omelchenko

Mental Health Research Center

Email: alexandersun121@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. V. Kotenev

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: alexandersun121@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

I. S. Lebedeva

Mental Health Research Center

Email: alexandersun121@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Scheme of stimulus presentation in the “saccades/antisaccades from memory” paradigm. Legend: CFS – central fixation stimulus, PS – peripheral stimulus, CS – correction stimulus.

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3. Fig. 2. Diagram of the latent period of saccades (a) and antisaccades (b) according to memory in groups of healthy people and patients with CVR.

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4. Fig. 3. Theta rhythm ES power level curves (A) and theta rhythm ES maximum peak power distribution maps by EEG leads (B, C) in the first interval of the delay period before left saccades (a), right saccades (b) and left antisaccades (c). Legend: (A) – solid line – normal group, dotted line – patient group; (B) – normal group; (C) – CVR patient group. Red – evoked theta rhythm synchronization, blue – evoked theta rhythm desynchronization.

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5. Fig. 4. Theta rhythm VS power level curves and theta rhythm VS maximum peak power distribution maps across EEG leads in the second interval of the delay period before left antisaccades (a) and in the third interval before right saccades (b). Legend as in Fig. 3.

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