Late Ordovician and Silurian supra-subduction complexes of Karakamys block of Southwestern Kazakhstan

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Abstract

The Late Ordovician and Silurian ages are for the first time established for plutonic and volcanic complexes of Karakamys block of Southwestern Kazakhstan, previously considered as Precambrian ones. The U–Pb (SIMS, and ID-TIMS) geochronological study of foliated granites and felsic volcanic rocks is carried out, and age estimates 443±5 and 436±2, consequently, are obtained. Received data allow to refer foliated granites to the very end of Ordovician – the beginning of Silurian, and felsic volcanic rocks and tuffs, to the Llandovery stage of Silurian. Affinities of granitoids and felsic volcanic rocks composition indicate their formation in supra-subduction setting.

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К. Е. Degtyarev

Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: degtkir@mail.ru

Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, Мoscow

А. А. Тretyakov

Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Мoscow

Е. B. Sal’nikova

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint-Peterburg

N. А. Каnygina

Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Мoscow

А. B. Кotov

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint-Peterburg

Yu. V. Plotkina

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint-Peterburg

А. М. Fedoseenko

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint-Peterburg

К. А. Тretyakova

Russian State University for Geological Prospecting

Email: degtkir@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Position of the Karakamys block in the structure of the Paleozoides of Southwestern Kazakhstan. 1 - Cenozoic deposits; 2 - Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous terrigenous-carbonate strata; 3 - Devonian effusives and volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks; 4 - Silurian volcanogenic-sedimentary and terrigenous-carbonate strata; 5 - Middle-Upper Ordovician terrigenous strata; 6 - Lower-Middle Ordovician tuffaceous-terrigenous strata; 7 - Cambrian and Lower Ordovician complexes of the Jalair-Naiman zone; 8 - Ediacaran-Middle Ordovician complexes of the Erementau-Buruntau zone; 9 - complexes of the Karakamys block; 10 – Middle-Late Paleozoic granitoids; 11 – faults: a) large thrusts and strike-slips, b) others.

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3. Fig. 2. Scheme of the geological structure of the Karakamys block and its framework. Compiled based on materials of B. A. Salin and E. S. Kichman with modifications and simplifications. 1 - Cenozoic deposits; 2 - Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous terrigenous-carbonate strata; 3 - Silurian sandstones and conglomerates of the West Balkhash zone; 4 - sandstones and siltstones of the Terenkul suite; 5-7 - complexes of the Karakamys block: 5 - acid effusive rocks and tuffs of the Orubay suite, 6 - gneiss-granites of the Orumbay massif, 7 - metamorphic rocks of the Karakamys suite; 8 - Upper Cambrian-Middle Ordovician siliceous and terrigenous rocks of the Erementau-Buruntau zone; 9, 10 – Middle and Late Paleozoic granitoids: 9 – diorites and granodiorites, 10 – granites and leucogranites, 11 – faults: a) traced, b) assumed to underlie Cenozoic deposits; 12 – sampling sites for geochronological studies and their numbers. Granite massifs: 1 – Orumbaysky, 2 – Karakamyssky, 3 – Kaibsky.

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4. Fig. 3. Micrographs of zircon crystals taken on a Camscan MX 2500S scanning electron microscope in cathodoluminescence mode (circles indicate dating areas) (a) and a concordia diagram (b) for gneiss-granites of the Orumbay massif (sample B-15146). The point numbers correspond to the serial numbers in Table 1.

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5. Fig. 4. Micrographs of zircon crystals from rhyolite tuffs of the Orumbay Formation (sample TS-1026), taken with an ABT 55 scanning electron microscope: I–III – in secondary electron mode; IV–VI – in cathodoluminescence mode.

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6. Fig. 5. Concordia diagram for zircon from rhyolite tuffs of the Orumbay Formation (sample TS-1026). Point numbers correspond to ordinal numbers in Table 2.

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7. Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE distributions (a) and spidergrams of rare elements normalized to the composition of the primitive mantle (b) for gneissic granites of the Orubay massif and acidic effusive rocks of the Orumbay suite. 1 – granitoids of the Orumbay massif; 2 – volcanic rocks of the Orumbay suite.

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8. Fig. 7. FeO*/MgO – Zr+Nb+Ce+Y [20] (a) and Rb – Yb+Ta [18] (b) diagrams for granitoids and acid effusive rocks of the Karakamys block. For legend, see Fig. 5. Fields in the Rb – Yb+Ta diagram, granites: VAG – volcanic arcs, ORG – oceanic ridges, WPG – intraplate, syn-COLG – syncollisional.

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