Assessment of the influence of the composition of atmospheric microparticles on redox homeostasis of alveolar macrophages

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Abstract

Introduction. The components and dimensions of suspended particulate matter (SPM) depend on territory, the sources of generation.

The aim is to assess the relationship between the quality and dispersed composition of atmospheric SPMs with oxidative and antioxidant processes in alveolar macrophages.

Materials and methods. The impact of actual multi component pollution of the surface layer of atmospheric air on alveolar macrophages (AMs) of Wistar rats was modelled. Correlations between the characteristics of AMs and pollution were assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient.

Results. The predominant contribution of the quality characteristics of SPM has been founded. The effect of the dispersed composition increases with an increase of the finely dispersed particles fraction. Metal particles have caused oxidative damage to lipids, with the formation of stable lipid products. The antioxidant system (AOS) has been characterized by the activation of compensatory response. Mineral components have caused irreversible oxidative damage to lipid and protein compounds, activating the thioredoxin formation. Soot particles have showed the most pathogenic effect, leading to oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The AOS stress was accompanied by an increase in the formation of oxidized glutathione and thioredoxin, which performs restoration of proteins and DNA.

Limitations. Our study characterizes the response of the AMs of a particular territory.

Conclusion. The established tendencies characterize the impact of composition of SPMs of the urban atmospheric on AMs. The study made it possible to identify the most sensitive criteria for the response of AMs upon contact with atmospheric SPMs (thioredoxin, protein carbonyl, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine).

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Vladivostok branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experiments or for other Scientific Purposes (ETS N 123), Directive of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union 2010/63/EC dated September 22, 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.

Contribution:
Barskova L.S. — the concept and design of the study, the collection and processing of material;
Vitkina T.I. — the concept and design of the study, the collection and processing of material;
Veremchuk L.V. — statistical processing;
Gvozdenko T.A. — collection of literature data, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.
All authors are responsible for the writing of the text, editing, approval of the final version of the article.

Acknowledgement. The authors are grateful to PhD, Assoc.prof., N.E. Zyumchenko, PhD, Assoc. prof. N.P. Tokmakova, MD, PhD, DSci., Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Education K.S. Golokhvast.
The study had no sponsorship. 

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Received: May 30, 2022 / Accepted: August 04, 2022 / Published: September 30, 2022 

About the authors

Lyudmila S. Barskova

Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration - Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment

Author for correspondence.
Email: pretty_people_2016@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7582-343X

MD, PhD, Junior Researcher of Laboratory of Medical Ecology and Recreational Resources of Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration — Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Vladivostok, 690105, Russian Federation.

e-mail: pretty_people_2016@mail.ru

Russian Federation

Tatyana I. Vitkina

Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration - Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1009-9011
Russian Federation

Ludmila V. Veremchuk

Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration - Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6372-6560
Russian Federation

Tatyana A. Gvozdenko

Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration - Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6413-9840
Russian Federation

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