The role of microcirculation in the conducting structures of the nervous system in patients with vibration disease burdened by metabolic syndrome

Introduction. The study of microcirculation processes in peripheral nerve damage remains a necessary area of experimental and clinical research, because the microvascular bed is one of the most important systems in which the disease manifests itself in the early stages.

The aim of the study is to identify the role of microcirculation disorders in the state of central and peripheral conductive structures in patients with vibration disease (VD) associated with combined exposure to general and local vibration, and burdened with metabolic syndrome (MS) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials and methods. Group 1 included patients with VD associated with combined exposure to general and local vibration, group 2 — persons diagnosed with VD, burdened with MS, group 3 — with a diagnosis of VD, burdened with DM. At the 1^st stage of the study, basal blood flow was studied, at the 2 nd stage — load functional tests (respiratory and occlusive). The state of sensory and motor axons of the nervous system was determined.

Results. In patients of the examined groups, there was proved a relationship between the indicators of the state of peripheral nerves and central structures with the indicators of microcirculation, the state of the myogenic level of regulation, with the index of specific oxygen consumption and the index of relative perfusion oxygen saturation in the microcirculation. In patients with VD, burdened with MS and DM, an association was found between changes in axons with an indicator of the intensity of functioning of the regulatory systems of the microvascular bed, indicators of the levels of active regulation of microcirculation (myogenic, neurogenic and endothelial) and indicators characterizing the dynamic state of the microcirculation system.

Limitations. The disadvantage of the study is the fact that the parameters of the microcirculation system determined in the peripheral departments were extrapolated to the central structures, and were not determined in the capillary network of the brain.

Conclusion. Changes in the microcirculatory bed were established to be a link in the pathogenesis of demyelination processes in VB associated with the combined effects of general and local vibration, and vibration disease burdened with MS and DM.

Compliance with ethical standards. The studies were carried out after the subjects signed an informed consent, drawn up in accordance with the principles given in the declaration “Ethical principles for conducting scientific medical research involving humans”, adopted with amendments in 2008 in Helsinki, and “Rules of Clinical Practice in the Russian Federation”, Order of the Ministry of Health RF No. 266 dated June 19, 2003. The text of the informed consent was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee in due course. The conducted studies could not lead to infringement of the rights of the subjects of the survey, cause harm to health, or jeopardize the well-being of patients. Conclusion of the Medical Expert Comission of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “East Siberian Institute of Medical and Environmental Research” No. 32 is dated 09/10/2019.

Contribution:
Rusаnova D.V. — the concept and design of the research, collection and processing of the material, writing and editing of the article, editing;
Kuks A.N. — the concept and design of the research, the collection and processing of the material, the writing and design of the article, editing;
Lakhman О.L. — research concept and design, editing;
Slivnitsyna N.V. — the concept and design of the study, writing an article, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship. 

Received: June 30, 2022 / Accepted: August 04, 2022 / Published: September 30, 2022